cover of episode 59 浴缸新娘，人体拼图，现代法医学之父如何兼职神探

59 浴缸新娘，人体拼图，现代法医学之父如何兼职神探

2024/11/12
logo of podcast 真相壁炉

真相壁炉
AI Deep Dive AI Insights AI Chapters Transcript
Topics
老庚：本期节目讲述现代法医学之父伯纳德·斯皮尔伯里协助侦破的两起案件。第一起是1914年的"浴缸新娘案"，一名新婚女子玛格丽特溺亡浴缸，最初被判定为意外，但随后发现两起类似案件，死者均为新婚女子，死于浴缸，死前均有头痛并看过医生，丈夫均为受益人，案件细节高度相似，指向连环杀人案。侦探尼尔对玛格丽特案现场勘察，发现浴缸尺寸与成年人溺亡情况不符，对案件产生怀疑。玛格丽特丈夫劳埃德在妻子死后表现异常，缺乏悲伤，并试图减少葬礼费用，引发侦探怀疑。玛格丽特生前购买了高额人寿保险，受益人为丈夫劳埃德，进一步加剧了谋杀的嫌疑。劳埃德（乔治·史密斯）承认自己犯下两起案件，并对指控表现出狂妄态度。区分意外溺亡和谋杀溺亡在法医学领域一直是难题，因为溺亡症状本身无法区分人为因素。法医学之父伯纳德·斯皮尔伯里受委托对玛格丽特和爱丽丝的尸体进行检查，但未发现暴力痕迹或中毒迹象。伯纳德推测史密斯发明了一种在浴缸中不留痕迹杀人的方法。贝西·芒迪的浴缸死亡事件被发现与前两起案件高度相似，进一步证实了连环杀人案的推测。对贝西尸体的尸检同样未发现暴力痕迹或中毒迹象。伯纳德重新审视溺水机制和症状，并注意到贝西的死亡姿势与典型溺水姿势不同。伯纳德发现迷走神经受损可导致快速死亡，且不会留下典型溺水迹象，这可能是三名死者死因。伯纳德推测史密斯可能通过某种性行为，在死者毫无防备时将其头部迅速按入水中，导致迷走神经受损而快速死亡。警方为了验证伯纳德的推测，进行了不人道的实验，证明了其推测的可能性。在伯纳德的帮助下，史密斯被判处死刑。“浴缸新娘案”让伯纳德声名远扬，因为该案证据确凿，伯纳德的鉴定起到了关键作用。 以太：第二起案件是1924年的马洪案，因其残忍程度和挑战性而被伯纳德称为其一生中最具挑战性的案件。警方通过寄存单追踪到马洪，并在其行李中发现带血衣物和凶器。马洪交代了其与艾米丽的恋情、艾米丽死亡经过以及肢解尸体的过程。艾米丽怀孕并想与马洪结婚，但马洪想分手，最终因艾米丽的威胁而继续维持关系。马洪与艾米丽进行“试婚”，期间发生争吵，艾米丽死亡。马洪在艾米丽死亡后肢解尸体，并与艾塞尔约会。伯纳德到达案发现场，被现场的恶臭和残忍程度震惊。马洪在肢解艾米丽尸体的同时，还与艾塞尔约会，其行为极其变态。伯纳德需要根据其他证据判断马洪是否说谎，以及艾米丽的死因。艾塞尔作证，证实马洪的证词存在问题。伯纳德根据现场情况反驳了马洪关于艾米丽意外死亡的说法。购物记录显示马洪在艾米丽死亡前就购买了凶器，证明其蓄谋已久。马洪最终被判处故意杀人罪。马洪案暴露了当时警方对现场物证和遗体处理的粗糙，促使伯纳德发明了谋杀案调查工具包。 老琦：总结两起案件，伯纳德在两个案件中都起到了关键作用，提供了关键证据，帮助警方证明嫌疑人的罪行。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

What was the key evidence that led to the conviction of George Smith in the bathtub bride case?

The key evidence was the similarity in three separate cases where newly married women died in bathtubs after purchasing life insurance policies with their husbands as beneficiaries. Additionally, the soap found in Bessie Mundy’s hand indicated she died instantly, supporting the theory of rapid drowning due to vagus nerve inhibition.

How did Bernard Spilsbury contribute to solving the bathtub bride case?

Bernard Spilsbury conducted detailed autopsies on the victims, identifying subtle injuries and ruling out poisoning or violent drowning. He proposed that sudden water influx into the nasal cavity could inhibit the vagus nerve, causing instant death without typical drowning signs.

What were the main similarities across the three bathtub bride cases?

All three victims were newly married, purchased high-value life insurance policies with their husbands as beneficiaries, died in bathtubs, and had visited doctors shortly before their deaths. Their husbands had checked for the presence of bathtubs before renting the rooms.

What was the primary challenge in proving George Smith’s guilt in the bathtub bride cases?

The primary challenge was proving that the deaths were murders rather than accidental drownings. Traditional forensic methods could not distinguish between natural drowning and forced drowning, necessitating innovative forensic techniques by Bernard Spilsbury.

What was the outcome of the bathtub bride case trial?

George Smith was convicted of murder and sentenced to death on July 1, 1915. The jury deliberated for only 32 minutes, convinced by the forensic evidence and the pattern of similar deaths.

What was the significance of the bathtub bride case for Bernard Spilsbury?

The bathtub bride case significantly elevated Bernard Spilsbury’s reputation in forensic science. His innovative forensic techniques and detailed autopsies provided crucial evidence that led to the conviction of George Smith, establishing Spilsbury as a pivotal figure in forensic medicine.

Chapters
1914年，瑪格麗特在新婚之夜死於浴缸，最初被判定為意外溺亡。然而，兩封來自不同地方的舉報信件，揭示了與此案相似的兩起案件，死者皆為新婚女性，死於浴缸，丈夫均為受益人。這一發現引發了警方的懷疑，並展開了深入調查。
  • 瑪格麗特死於浴缸，最初判定為意外溺亡
  • 兩封舉報信揭示了相似的案件
  • 死者皆為新婚女性，死於浴缸，丈夫均為受益人
  • 丈夫勞埃德行跡可疑，且缺乏悲傷表現

Shownotes Transcript

本期节目给大家讲述两起法医学相关的案件，这两起案件的主人公都是现代法医学之父伯纳德.斯皮尔伯里。他是英国非常著名的病理学家，一生曾解剖过上千具尸体，在实践中将病理学与破案相结合，他为很多案件所作的尸检报告都能影响案件的走向。今天讲述的两起案件，都发生在他的职业早期。一起案件是在当年引起报纸争相报道的浴缸新娘案，案件从一名刚刚结婚就意外溺死在浴缸里的妻子开始说起。一起案件则让法医都觉得现场极具挑战，凶手对死者进行了残忍的分尸。而伯纳德.斯皮尔伯里是如何利用自己的法医病理学知识协助破案的呢，欢迎收听本期真相壁炉。 提醒：本期情节有过于血腥场面，请看情况收听。 节目主播 老庚 以太 老琦 时间轴 01:22) 新婚过后，浴缸中意外溺死的妻子 13:48) 相同的巧合发生在250英里之外 24:43) 被发现的第三起案件，也无法提供更多证据找到凶手 35:30) 没有暴力痕迹溺死的真相 48:13) 一起约会牵扯出的血案 55:55) 另外一名失踪女性 01:05:43)散落于房间四处的尸体碎片 01:21:45) 读读评论，上期今日说法中关于分尸难度的话题 节目图片 浴缸草图 节目资料 《法医之王》 节目音乐 Awich-Hot Topic Peder B. Helland - Bedtime Lullaby Peder B. Helland - Happy Times Peder B. Helland - Together Peder B. Helland - Time Maurizio Pollini,Philharmonia Orchestra,Paul Kletzki - Piano Concerto No. 1 in E minor Op. 11 (2001 Remastered Version)：II. Romanze (Larghetto)