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Noah's Ark and the Flood

2024/6/5
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The Ancients

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Anna
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Irving Finkel
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Tristan Hughes
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Tristan Hughes: 本集探讨了圣经中诺亚方舟故事的起源,以及它与更古老的美索不达米亚神话的联系。我们采访了Dr. Irving Finkel,他将带我们深入了解美索不达米亚神话中的洪水故事,以及它如何最终启发了圣经的记载。我们将探讨美索不达米亚版本的诺亚是谁,他们如何处理动物,以及最令人着迷的是,这艘伟大的方舟的形状和设计。 Irving Finkel: 诺亚方舟的故事不仅存在于《圣经》中,也是伊斯兰教和犹太教的核心故事,其起源远早于《旧约》。《圣经》中对诺亚方舟故事的描述简洁而戏剧化,核心观点是人类因罪恶而被上帝毁灭,只有诺亚及其家人和动物幸存。这个故事反映了人类在上帝面前的渺小,以及上帝可以随意处置人类并创造新的物种。彩虹是上帝的象征,预示着大洪水不会再次发生。在英国博物馆发现的一块泥板,记载了与《圣经》中诺亚方舟故事相似的叙述,这证明了该故事在公元前7世纪就已经存在于美索不达米亚地区。这块来自尼尼微的美索不达米亚泥板是《圣经》故事的早期版本。 在英国博物馆发现的另一块泥板比尼尼微泥板早大约一千年,这证明了诺亚方舟的故事在公元前1800年左右就已经存在。这块公元前1700年左右的泥板比我们目前已知的《圣经》故事的证据早大约一千年,这证明了该故事在更早时期就已经存在并具有活力。这块新发现的泥板讲述了美索不达米亚神话中洪水故事的早期版本,其中提到了众神决定毁灭人类,以及恩基选择阿特拉哈西斯建造方舟的故事。在美索不达米亚神话中,众神因人类过于吵闹而决定用洪水毁灭人类,但智慧之神恩基拯救了阿特拉哈西斯。这块泥板显示,美索不达米亚神话中的方舟是圆形的,这与他们居住在幼发拉底河和底格里斯河沿岸的生活方式有关。美索不达米亚神话中的圆形方舟类似于古代的圆形独木舟,这种独木舟在美索不达米亚地区以及世界其他地方的河流中都有使用。美索不达米亚地区的圆形独木舟建造技术自公元前18世纪以来一直沿用至今,这证明了其设计的完美性。美索不达米亚泥板中关于方舟尺寸的描述并非虚构,而是基于实际的圆形独木舟尺寸进行比例放大。 《圣经》中的诺亚方舟故事可能源于美索不达米亚的洪水神话,但其信息经过了改编和重塑,以强调善恶报应的主题。美索不达米亚洪水神话的起源可能与该地区频繁发生的洪涝灾害有关,这反映了古代美索不达米亚人对洪水的恐惧和担忧。 Anna: 诺亚方舟的故事起源于更古老的美索不达米亚传统,与《圣经》中的故事有显著相似之处。

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The Ancients launches a new miniseries exploring the stories, people, objects and kingdoms central to the Old Testament's narrative.

There was only one place to start and it's not "In the beginning..."

The story of the Flood in the Book of Genesis is well known, where God conjured up a great flood to kill off all of humanity for their wicked behaviour. Except for Noah, whom God ordered to construct a massive boat and fill it with 2 of every animal. When the flood came, Noah, his family and the animals survived on board the Ark.

The story of Noah and the Ark is not only embedded in the Bible, however, but it's also central to parts of the Quran and central to Judaism. The origins of the story stretch way back beyond the Old Testament to Mesopotamia.

Tristan Hughes heads to the British Museum to explore this Mesopotamian myth with Dr Irving Finkel who made a discovery which turned the world of Assyriology - and his life - on its head. They discuss who was Noah to the Mesopotamians? What did they do with the animals? And what was the shape and design of THIS great ark?

This episode was presented by Tristan Hughes. The producer was Joseph Knight, edited by Peter Dennis and Aidan Lonergan. 

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