‘Soft and calorie dense’: Chris van Tulleken on how ultra-processed foods keep us hooked
Science Weekly
Deep Dive
What are ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and why are they controversial?
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are foods with many ingredients, often industrial chemicals, designed to be hyperpalatable and stored for long periods. They are controversial because studies link them to 32 adverse health outcomes, including heart disease, cancer, and early death, but some experts question the usefulness of the UPF label for individual dietary choices.
Why does Dr. Chris Van Tulleken focus on ultra-processed foods?
Dr. Van Tulleken became interested in food's role in health after working in humanitarian emergencies where malnutrition was critical. He has since become a leading voice campaigning against ultra-processed foods due to their potential health risks.
What are the key health risks associated with ultra-processed foods?
Studies show that ultra-processed foods are associated with a higher risk of heart disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and early death. They are often high in salt, fat, and sugar, which contribute to these health issues.
How do ultra-processed foods affect our eating behavior?
Ultra-processed foods are designed to make people eat more due to their hyperpalatable nature, including additives, flavors, and textures. Even when salt, fat, and sugar levels are controlled, the processing itself encourages overeating.
What is the role of food processing in human evolution?
Food processing, particularly cooking, was a key factor in human evolution. Cooking allowed early humans to extract more energy from food, reduced the need for large jaw muscles, and supported brain development, leading to significant advancements in human capabilities.
Why is the term 'ultra-processed food' not always useful for individual dietary choices?
The term 'ultra-processed food' is more useful for systemic changes and industry regulation rather than individual dietary advice. It doesn't always align with nutrient profiles, making it less effective for personal food choices.
What does Dr. Van Tulleken suggest for managing Christmas meals?
Dr. Van Tulleken suggests using pre-prepared, possibly ultra-processed foods for convenience, but presenting them as homemade to save time and enjoy the holiday with family. He also recommends substituting turkey with chicken for a juicier, easier-to-cook option.
What systemic changes does Dr. Van Tulleken advocate for in the food industry?
Dr. Van Tulleken advocates for government regulation of the food industry to address the systemic issues causing food insecurity and poor health outcomes. He emphasizes the need for structural changes rather than individual dietary advice.
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