Revisionist History Presents: The Limits of Power

2020/6/2

Revisionist History

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Malcolm Gladwell

以深入浅出的写作风格和对社会科学的探究而闻名的加拿大作家、记者和播客主持人。

Rosemary Lawler

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Malcolm Gladwell: 本文探讨了权力运用的限度，特别是警务权力在处理社会冲突中的作用。通过分析北爱尔兰冲突和美国近期发生的事件，作者指出，权力运用不仅取决于对风险和收益的理性计算，更取决于权威的合法性。合法性建立在三个要素之上：人民有发言权、法律可预测以及执法公平。英国军队在北爱尔兰的行动失败，正是因为他们忽视了民众的感受，只注重武力镇压，而没有建立合法性。作者用课堂教学的例子说明，不合理的惩罚只会加剧学生的反抗情绪，而非促进服从。同样，在社会治理中，缺乏合法性的权力运用只会导致更大的冲突和暴力。 Rosemary Lawler: Rosemary Lawler讲述了她1969年在北爱尔兰动乱期间的亲身经历。她描述了当时社会动荡的场景，以及她和家人为了躲避暴力而逃离家园的经历，展现了普通民众在冲突中所面临的恐惧和无助。她还讲述了她弟弟被英国士兵射杀的经历，以及这段经历对她生活的影响，深刻地展现了冲突对个人和家庭造成的巨大创伤。Lawler的叙述从个人视角展现了冲突的残酷现实，以及权力滥用给普通民众带来的深重苦难。

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Malcolm Gladwell discusses the broader context of policing by comparing the tragic encounters in the U.S. with a riot in Northern Ireland, highlighting the core question of how power should be used wisely.

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Malcolm has been writing about race and policing for a very long time, going back to the killing of Amadou Diallo in 1999. Sometimes, it is useful to take a step back and consider policing in a broader context. Here we present a chapter from Malcolm's book *David and Goliath, which includes *an analysis of a riot in Northern Ireland in 1970. Many miles and many years away. About divisions of religion and class and not divisions of race. But the core questions to be asked in 1970 and 1999 and today are the same: if you have power, what does it mean to use it, and use it wisely? And what are the consequences if you don't?

*David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits and the Art of Battling Giants *was published in 2013 by Little, Brown and Company. Audiobook production by Hachette Audio.

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