cover of episode A Little Pompeiian Fish Sauce Goes a Long Way

A Little Pompeiian Fish Sauce Goes a Long Way

2024/9/20
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Latif Nasser
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Steve Tuck
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Latif Nasser:本期节目探讨了公元79年维苏威火山爆发后是否有人幸存这一历史谜题。史学家史蒂文·塔克花费十年时间研究这一问题,挑战了普遍认为所有庞贝居民都遇难的观点。塔克通过分析人口数据、考古发现和幸存者后裔的记录,推断出大量居民可能逃离了灾难。 塔克的研究方法包括分析庞贝及周边地区的人口数量与发现的遗骸数量的差异,以及对房屋中遗留物品的观察。他发现,许多房屋中的神像和保险箱被洗劫一空,表明居民在逃生时试图带走贵重物品。此外,大多数遗骸聚集在城门附近,表明许多人在逃生途中遇难。 塔克还研究了海路逃生的可能性,指出海啸可能会阻碍人们逃离。他通过研究火山爆发后不同城镇的居民姓名,试图追踪幸存者。最初在庞贝城南部的城镇中没有发现幸存者的踪迹,但在维苏威火山北部发现了许多庞贝幸存者的踪迹,证明了大量居民逃离了灾难。 塔克的研究还涉及到对鱼酱(garum)的分析。他发现,在普提奥利,一种与庞贝著名鱼酱制造商Scarus生产的鱼酱非常相似的产品在火山爆发后20年出现,并发现了乌姆布里丘斯家族的墓志铭,证明该家族是庞贝火山爆发中的幸存者。 塔克认为,许多幸存者可能投奔亲属,因此在官方记录中难以追踪。他推断,大多数庞贝居民都幸免于难,并与家人一起逃离了灾难。 Steve Tuck:维苏威火山爆发并非瞬间发生,而是持续数小时的事件,人们有时间逃离。但人们的反应速度和逃生路径选择会影响最终结果。高温火山气体导致许多躲藏在地下室或房屋下层的人窒息死亡。通过研究庞贝居民的名字,试图追踪幸存者,最终在维苏威火山北部发现了许多庞贝幸存者的踪迹。 Samin Nasrat:作为一名厨师,我参与了节目中关于鱼酱(garum)制作的环节。鱼酱是古代罗马的一种重要调味品,在庞贝城中广泛生产。通过制作鱼酱,我们可以体验古代罗马人的生活方式,并了解他们所使用的食材和烹饪方法。

Deep Dive

Chapters
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD began with earthquakes, followed by a massive explosion that sent a column of debris 20 miles into the atmosphere. This gave the inhabitants of Pompeii a few hours to escape, but many were hindered by the chaos, the falling debris, and the lack of knowledge about volcanoes. Many perished near the city gates, caught in traffic jams, while escape by sea was hampered by tsunamis.
  • The eruption began with earthquakes, followed by a massive explosion.
  • The inhabitants had a few hours to escape, but many were delayed.
  • Most of the discovered remains were found near the city gates.
  • Escape by sea was difficult due to tsunamis.

Shownotes Transcript

Today we follow a sleuth who has spent over a decade working to solve an epic mystery hiding in plain historical sight: did anyone survive the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79AD? 

Tired of hearing the conventional narrative that every Pompeiian perished without any evidence to back it up, Classicist Steven Tuck decides to look into it himself. Although he is nearly two millennia late to ground zero, he uses all the available evidence to reimagine the disaster from the perspective of the people on the ground. Could anyone have survived the volcano? If they did, could they have survived what came after that: earthquakes, tsunamis, pumice stones hurtling like missiles from the sky? If someone did survive, what happened to them after that??! To find out we have to think, feel and possibly even eat like Ancient Romans. 

An against-all-odds story of a disaster without warning, a mass disappearance without a trace, and oddly, a particularly stinky fish sauce, care of special guest Chef Samin Nosrat. We have some exciting news! In the “Zoozve)” episode, Radiolab named its first-ever quasi-moon, and now it's your turn! Radiolab has teamed up with The International Astronomical Union to launch a global naming contest for one of Earth’s quasi-moons. This is your chance to make your mark on the heavens. Submit your name ideas now through September, or vote on your favorites starting in November: https://radiolab.org/moon)

**EPISODE CREDITS: **

Reported by - Latif Nasserwith help from - Annie McEwen and Ekedi Fausther-KeysProduced by - Annie McEwenRecording help from - Adam HowellVoice acting by - Brandon DaltonOriginal music and sound design contributed by - Jeremy Bloom and Annie McEwenwith mixing help from - Arianne Wackand Hosting Helo from - Sarah QariFact-checking by - Emily Kriegerand Edited by  - Pat Walters

EPISODE CITATIONS:

Recipes -

Ancient Roman recipe for garum) (https://zpr.io/gMNmXcNZUhZg)).

Read more about garum here) (https://zpr.io/4gh939TxCRpZ)) or in Sally Grainger’s book The Story of Garum: Fermented Fish Sauce and Salted Fish in the Ancient World

Articles -

On Pliny's letters and the eruption including a reanalysis of the date of the eruption, Pedar Foss, Pliny and the Eruption of Vesuvius)* *(https://zpr.io/kQH49ttRawNZ)) 

Documentaries - 

A recent PBS documentary, Pompeii: The New Dig) (https://zpr.io/LV9sWKc4vbQ8)) including segments on Steven Tuck’s work.

Photos and Maps - 

To trace building locations or names of home owners as well as photos of every square inch of Pompeii: https://pompeiiinpictures.com/pompeiiinpictures/)

From Steven Tuck: “If someone has an otherwise unbeatable case of insomnia, my preliminary publication of findings is in Reflections: Harbour City Deathscapes in Roman Italy and Beyond)” (https://zpr.io/3pETS53A9CtF))

Brief description of the casts and casting process of the remains found at Pompeii: https://pompeiisites.org/en/pompeii-map/analysis/the-casts/)

Maps of the Ancient Roman world that you can use to trace some of the land and sea routes discussed in the episode: https://orbis.stanford.edu)

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Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.