cover of episode AI Basics: Why AI Is Not a Job Killer

AI Basics: Why AI Is Not a Job Killer

2024/10/30
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Andrew McAfee
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Scott Galloway
一位结合商业洞察和个人故事的畅销书作者、教授和企业家。
Topics
Andrew McAfee: AI正在改变工作场所,它为专业人士提供了大量的‘文员、同事和教练’,随时待命。AI提供了像文员一样的低级别辅助工作,例如转录会议记录;像同事一样的功能,例如翻译文件或润色文本;像教练一样的功能,例如帮助学习和提高技能。在呼叫中心部署生成式AI后,员工绩效显著提高,尤其对新手和技术水平较低的员工帮助更大。AI提供了强大的知识管理技术,可以作为每个人的教练。对超级智能AI的担忧被夸大了,更应该关注AI的恶意使用等实际风险。担忧超级智能AI如同担忧火星人口过剩一样不切实际。AI会被恶意使用,这是个需要解决的实际问题,但并非新鲜事。历史上每一次技术进步都会带来创造性破坏,但最终创造的价值往往大于破坏的价值。技术进步导致的创造性破坏最终会带来更多就业机会。目前富裕国家面临的问题不是技术性失业,而是劳动力短缺。技术进步可能会导致特定工作岗位的消失,但也会创造新的就业机会。技术进步会带来创造性破坏,但创新者和企业家会不断创造新的工作机会。员工需要学习如何利用AI辅助完成工作,而不是被AI取代。翻译行业就是一个例子,AI辅助翻译后,对人工翻译的需求并没有减少,而是增加了对校对和客户沟通等技能的需求。任何知识工作者都可以利用AI提高效率,尽早学习和使用AI工具非常重要。AI也可能出现错误,例如“幻觉”,需要谨慎使用。通过结合其他技术,AI可以显著提高大约50%的工作效率,且不会损失质量。AI可能会加剧孤独感,但更应该关注社会和政策层面的应对措施,而不是限制AI技术的发展。AI带来的负面影响需要通过社会和政策手段来解决,而不是限制技术发展。应对AI带来的负面影响,需要社会和政策层面的干预,而不是限制AI技术本身。AI虽然可以提高效率,但人类仍然需要面对面的互动来学习和交流。企业应该积极探索AI的应用,并快速迭代学习。未来五年到十年,AI领域的主导公司将会发生变化,那些积极学习和应用AI技术的公司将获得更大的优势。那些积极学习和应用AI技术的公司将获得更大的优势,而那些墨守成规的公司则可能被淘汰。年轻人应该学习如何构建和创造,并向那些技术领域的领先者学习。年轻人应该向技术领域的领先者学习,而不是去那些传统的大公司工作。未来已经到来,只是尚未均匀分布。 Scott Galloway: 对AI的灾难性预测被夸大了,AI不太可能具有感知能力并杀死人类。高盛的一项研究预测,AI可能会导致3亿个工作岗位流失或减少,但同时也可能增加全球GDP。AI可能会加剧孤独感,尤其对年轻人而言。虽然存在新的技术垄断的可能性,但历史表明,技术垄断往往会被后续的创新所打破。技术行业的特点是“主导地位和破坏”,强大的科技公司最终会被新的技术和公司所取代。 Kara Swisher: 无

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why does Andrew McAfee believe AI is not a job killer?

AI creates new roles as clerks, colleagues, and coaches, enhancing productivity without eliminating jobs.

How does AI impact performance in call centers?

AI boosts performance by 15%, especially benefiting new and less skilled employees through real-time prompts.

What advice does Andrew McAfee give to young tech-savvy individuals?

Seek out alpha geeks, apprentice with them, and learn to build and innovate in tech-driven environments.

Why is Andrew McAfee concerned about 20th-century incumbents?

He fears they may struggle against tech-driven startups, widening performance gaps in the economy.

How does AI change the role of employees in the workplace?

AI shifts roles to more strategic tasks, utilizing AI tools for routine tasks like transcription and translation.

Chapters
Andrew McAfee discusses how AI is transforming the workplace and whether it poses a threat to jobs, citing a Goldman Sachs study and contrasting historical technological advancements.
  • AI is seen as a clerk, colleague, and coach in the workplace.
  • A 2023 Goldman Sachs study estimates 300 million jobs could be affected by AI.
  • Andrew McAfee disagrees with the notion of AI as a job killer, citing historical patterns of creative destruction.

Shownotes Transcript

Kara and Scott are back with part two of Pivot's special series on the basics of artificial intelligence. How is AI revolutionizing the workplace? And what are the skills workers need to learn to stay ahead? Andrew McAfee, MIT research scientist and co-founder of Workhelix, explains why he doesn't think AI is a job killer, and shares the advice he gives to business leaders about integrating AI into workflows.

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