cover of episode Episode #211 ... Nietzsche returns with a hammer!

Episode #211 ... Nietzsche returns with a hammer!

2024/9/22
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Philosophize This!

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Stephen West
通过《哲学这件事》播客,深入探讨各种哲学主题,吸引广泛听众。
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尼采批判西方社会衰落,认为其根源在于苏格拉底过分强调理性,忽视了人类生活中激情和混沌的一面,以及由此产生的“彼世”观念,导致人们轻视现实世界。他认为,苏格拉底之后,理性被用于构建抽象的善恶概念,并认为道德可以通过教育来提升,这是一种错误的观念。尼采认为,善恶是人为的理性建构,而非宇宙中客观存在的概念,历史是循环的,而非线性的进步。他批判哲学家追求权力而非真理,认为哲学体系反映的是哲学家个人的偏见和特质。他认为,现代平等主义社会忽视了人与人之间的能力差异,导致人们被动、消极地对待生活,并滋生对他人不满,最终导致群体思维盛行。尼采认为,平等主义是弱者价值观,与基督教的奴隶道德相呼应。他提出“超人”的概念,认为其道德观是基于强者的,而非弱者的逃避痛苦。他敬佩耶稣,认为耶稣是“超人”的典范,但批评后来的基督教徒将其思想庸俗化。尼采认为,历史的变迁并非源于理性对话,而是杰出个体对自身局限的超越。他提倡文化精英主义,而非政治精英主义,认为现代平等主义社会阻碍了个人发展,应该优先培养杰出人才,而非追求大众的福祉。他认为,政治是弱者的游戏,真正的强大者无需通过争论来改变世界。他认为,道德不必是普遍适用的,成为“超人”的人可能非常少。他认为,应该优先培养杰出人才,而非追求大众的福祉。

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This chapter explores Nietzsche's critique of Socrates and his influence on Western thought. Nietzsche argues that Socrates' emphasis on rationality led to a neglect of the passionate and chaotic aspects of life, fostering a life-denying philosophy that prioritizes an ideal world over the real one.
  • Nietzsche criticizes Socrates' obsession with rationality and the creation of a "Hinterwelt" or other world.
  • Nietzsche contrasts the Dionysian (chaotic, passionate) and Apollonian (ordered, rational) aspects of human life, arguing Socrates overemphasized the Apollonian.
  • Nietzsche highlights the recurring theme of a dualism between the real and ideal world in Western thought, tracing it back to Socrates' influence.

Shownotes Transcript

Today we talk about Nietzsche's views on the decay of western society. We talk about his problems with Socrates. The genealogy of Egalitarianism that has led to our modern societies, and how to contextualize his concept of the Ubermensch within modern culture. Hope you enjoy it! :)

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