cover of episode Smologies #33: SCORPIONS with Lauren Esposito

Smologies #33: SCORPIONS with Lauren Esposito

2023/12/11
logo of podcast Ologies with Alie Ward

Ologies with Alie Ward

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Allie Ward: 本期节目探讨了蝎子的生物学特性、毒性以及在流行文化中的形象,并采访了蝎子学专家Lauren Esposito博士。Esposito博士介绍了蝎子的进化历史,包括它们巨大的祖先和体型缩小的原因;蝎子的身体结构,包括毒液腺和毒液的成分;蝎子的分布范围和生活习性;以及蝎子在电影和流行文化中的形象。 Lauren Esposito: 蝎子的祖先体型巨大,长达一米甚至更大,是早期的陆生节肢动物捕食者,可能曾是两栖动物,在陆地上捕食产卵的鱼类。现存蝎子的外形与4.5亿年前的祖先几乎相同,其体型缩小主要是因为大气中氧气浓度的下降。蝎子的身体分为前体和后体两部分,前体上有螯肢和步足,眼睛位于头部顶部,通常有三对。蝎子的爪子主要用于抓住猎物,不同种类的蝎子爪子大小和用途不同,有些蝎子主要依靠爪子捕猎,而有些则主要依靠毒液。蝎子的毒液腺位于尾部的毒刺内,毒液是一种复杂的混合物,包含多种成分,包括神经毒素、酶和抗菌物质。蝎子广泛分布于除极地以外的地区,即使在阿尔卑斯山脉和安第斯山脉等高海拔地区也能发现它们。所有的蝎子在紫外线下都会发出荧光,这是由于它们外骨骼中的一种色素——香豆素。蝎子荧光的原因尚不清楚,可能是外骨骼形成的副产物,也可能具有某种功能,例如警告色或拟态。母蝎会产下活的幼蝎,并会在背上携带一段时间,有些物种的母蝎会与幼蝎一起生活数月甚至数年。蝎子不会跳跃,也不能在光滑的表面上行走。在美国,除亚利桑那州、内华达州南部和新墨西哥州西部部分地区外,大多数蝎子的毒性并不强。蝎子可以作为宠物饲养,但最好选择人工繁殖的个体。 Allie Ward: 节目中还讨论了蝎子的交配行为,母蝎的育儿行为以及一些关于蝎子的常见误解。

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ANNOUNCEMENT: SMOLOGIES NOW HAS ITS OWN FEED! SUBSCRIBE)  FOR NEW EPISODES EVERY THURSDAY. 

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Scorpions: the victims of undue shade. A handful of people on planet Earth have a PhD in scorpions and Dr. Lauren Esposito is one of them. She spills the beans on how venom works, what's up with the blacklight glow effect, how dangerous they really are, what all the movies get wrong, the best names for scorpions, where she's traveled to look under rocks, where a scorpion's butt is, if scorpions dance (SPOILER: YES), what good mothers they are, and how big they used to be millions of years ago. Get this one in your ears right away.

Learn more about Dr. Lauren Esposito on Wikipedia) and follow her on Twitter)

A donation went to Islands & Seas)

Full-length (not G-rated) Scorpiology episode + tons of science links)

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Sound editing by Steven Ray Morris), Mercedes Maitland of Maitland Audio Productions), and Jarrett Sleeper) of MindJam Media)

Made possible by work from Noel Dilworth, Susan Hale, Kelly R. Dwyer, Emily White, & Erin Talbert

Smologies theme song by Harold Malcolm