cover of episode The Power of Family Stories

The Power of Family Stories

2024/11/25
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Robyn Fivush
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Shankar Vedantam
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@Shankar Vedantam :家庭故事塑造了我们的身份认同和世界观,对我们的幸福感、健康和个人成长产生积极影响。他以自己叔叔的婚礼故事为例,说明了家庭故事如何捕捉生活态度,以及讲述特定类型的故事如何使我们更快乐、更健康、更好。 @Robyn Fivush :童年创伤性经历(父母离世和母亲严重车祸)深刻影响了她的生活,也激发了她对记忆研究的兴趣。她研究发现,父母与孩子关于早期记忆的详细交流,对孩子的情感理解、自尊和记忆能力都有积极影响。家庭成员之间关于家族历史和共同经历的交流,对孩子的健康成长同样至关重要。“Do You Know Scale” 是一种评估家庭成员对家族历史了解程度的工具,其结果与个体的心理健康和幸福感相关。家庭故事讲述的过程而非故事本身的内容,对个体的心理健康和幸福感起着更重要的作用。成人讲述家庭故事的方式,特别是关于情绪的表达和调控,能帮助孩子学习和掌握适当的情感调节能力。父母讲述自己童年的故事,能够帮助孩子理解和处理自身的情绪问题,并从中吸取经验教训。家庭故事讲述存在两种主要风格:合作型和重复型,合作型风格更有利于孩子的健康成长。重复型家庭故事讲述风格,以获取事实为目的,缺乏情感互动和合作,不利于亲子关系的发展。合作型家庭故事讲述风格之所以更有利于家庭成员的心理健康,是因为它能够帮助个体构建自我认同感,并提升其应对逆境的韧性。“替代性记忆”是指我们通过他人讲述的故事而获得的记忆,它能够帮助我们理解世界并提升应对逆境的韧性。9/11事件后,那些在事件发生前就习惯于开放和合作地分享家庭故事的家庭,其子女展现出更好的心理健康状况。在伊拉克和阿富汗战争中经历过战斗创伤的退伍军人中,那些更了解家族历史的人,其心理适应性和幸福感更高。家庭故事能够将个体置于家族历史和世界历史的语境中,从而增强其身份认同感和归属感。青少年从父母或祖先的角度讲述家庭故事,能够帮助他们学习和内化道德价值观,并提升其自我效能感。家庭故事的叙事结构(上升型、下降型和震荡型)对个体的心理健康和幸福感有不同的影响,其中震荡型最有利于个体成长。父母向孩子分享自己犯错的故事(越轨故事),能够帮助孩子理解和接受自身的不完美,并增进亲子间的理解和信任。收藏和保存有意义的物品,能够帮助我们保持与逝去亲人的联系,并延续家庭故事的传承。 Shankar Vedantam: 家庭故事是传递价值观、规范和复杂人际关系的有效工具,它们能够赋予个体意义、身份认同和目标感。家庭故事讲述中存在复杂的性别动态,女性和男性讲述故事的方式以及对女性和男性的叙事方式都存在差异。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why do family stories play a crucial role in mental health?

Family stories serve as anchors for identity and self-esteem, helping to shape how individuals view themselves and their place in the world. They also provide models for emotional regulation and coping with adversity.

How do family stories influence a child's development?

Children who engage in more elaborate and detailed family storytelling with their parents tend to have higher self-esteem, better emotional understanding, and improved academic and social competence.

What is the 'Do You Know Scale' and what does it measure?

The 'Do You Know Scale' is a 20-item questionnaire that assesses the extent to which families talk about their shared and family history. It correlates with higher self-esteem, agency, and emotional competence in children.

Why is the process of storytelling more important than just knowing the facts?

The process of storytelling, rather than just knowing the facts, creates a shared history and emotional resonance that strengthens family bonds and helps children understand their own experiences and emotions.

How do collaborative storytelling styles benefit families?

Collaborative storytelling fosters trust and community within the family, leading to higher self-esteem, academic competence, and social skills in children. It also helps in dealing with grief and difficult experiences.

What are the three types of family stories identified by Robin Fyvush and Marshall Duke?

The three types are ascending (the American dream), descending (things only get worse), and oscillating (life has ups and downs, but the family perseveres). Oscillating stories are most predictive of positive outcomes.

Why are stories of parental transgressions important for children?

Transgression stories help children understand that their parents also experienced teenage angst and made mistakes, fostering empathy and a sense of shared humanity.

How can physical objects help keep family stories alive?

Physical objects, like a diamond engagement ring, can serve as tangible connections to family members, keeping their stories and legacy alive and fostering a sense of continuity and love.

Chapters
Family stories, often recounted during gatherings like Thanksgiving, shape our identity and worldview. This episode explores the impact of these stories, featuring psychologist Robyn Fivush.
  • Family stories shape our identity and how we view the world.
  • Sharing stories can improve happiness, health, and personal growth.

Shownotes Transcript

There's a tradition around many Thanksgiving dinner tables that's as consistent as stuffing and pumpkin pie: the family stories that get told year after year. Sometimes these stories are funny; sometimes they make us roll our eyes. No matter how we feel about these tales, we rarely pause to consider how they shape who we are and how we view the world. This week, we talk to psychologist Robyn Fivush about the profound impact that family stories can have on our lives.  

If you enjoyed today's conversation, here are more Hidden Brain episodes you might like:

Healing 2.0: Change Your Story, Change Your Life 

The Story of Your Life

Rewinding & Rewriting

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