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cover of episode How to take charge of your money (w/ Wendy De La Rosa)

How to take charge of your money (w/ Wendy De La Rosa)

2022/11/14
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The episode begins with the host discussing the discomfort around talking about money and his personal experiences with financial transparency.

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You're listening to How to Be a Better Human. I'm your host, Chris Duffy. When it comes to money, one study found that 78% of people would rather disclose their full dating history than their full financial history. We would rather have you know who has seen us naked than who has seen our credit score.

And now for me, this might be one of the areas where I'm a little bit of an outlier, actually. You know, I've talked on the podcast before about how I can get very awkward when it comes to talking about sex. But when it comes to money, I'm a lot more comfortable. And I think the reason for that is I've had so much practice at talking about money, right? I love to do work like giving talks, telling jokes and leading workshops. But there's not exactly like a set price tag for any of those things.

And so I find out what I should be making by asking other comedians, by asking friends who do similar work. I find out what I should be charging, what the prices should be, what the costs are. And I could only do the work that I do by having those kind of open, candid, honest conversations with friends and coworkers. And obviously I'm really lucky to even be able to do that. Many people are just trying to survive. But the flip side, even for someone like me, is that when I do get paid,

It's at unpredictable times and it's often in unpredictable amounts. So I'm still learning how to even like chase down the money that I'm owed, much less what to do with the money once I get it. Should I be saving it? Should I be spending it? How much should I invest in the future? All of those questions are why I am so excited today to talk to Wendy De La Rosa. This is a conversation that I quite honestly would have paid to have.

Wendy is a behavioral scientist. She's the co-founder of the Common Sense Lab, which works to improve financial well-being for low and moderate income people. And Wendy helped start Google's first behavioral economics unit. Now she's at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. And here's a clip from Wendy's TED series, Your Money and Your Mind.

Always wear sunscreen. Eat a balanced diet. A penny saved is a penny earned. You probably all learned these lessons as a kid, maybe from your parents, or if you grew up in the 80s from the public service announcements at the end of every episode of the G.I. Joe cartoons. But chances are, despite knowing this, you still stepped outside without putting on sunscreen, devoured an entire bag of chips in one go, or spent way more of your paycheck than you anticipated. So why is that?

We're going to find out why that is right after this quick break. I mean, come on, it's an episode about money. We have to play some ads. That's how Ted pays me. We'll be right back.

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Hello, hello. I'm Malik. I'm Jamie. And this is World Gone Wrong, where we discuss the unprecedented times we're living through. Can your manager still schedule you for night shifts after that werewolf bit you? My ex-boyfriend was replaced by an alien body snatcher, but I think I like him better now. Who is this dude showing up in everyone's old pictures? My friend says the sewer alligators are reading maps now. When did the kudzu start making that humming sound?

We are just your normal millennial roommates processing our feelings about a chaotic world in front of some microphones. World Gone Wrong, a new fiction podcast from Audacious Machine Creative, creators of Unwell, a Midwestern Gothic Mystery. Learn more at audaciousmachinecreative.com. Find World Gone Wrong in all the regular places you find podcasts. I love you so much.

I mean, you could like up the energy a little bit. You could up the energy. I actually don't take notes. That was good. I'm just kidding. You sounded great. So did you. And we're back. Today, we are talking about money with behavioral scientist Wendy De La Rosa. Hi, my name is Wendy De La Rosa. I study how and why people make financial decisions.

Through that lens, I'm an assistant professor at the Wharton School, the host and co-creator of Ted's Your Money and Your Mind series, and the co-founder of Common Sense Lab. One of the things that you've seen, it seems like to me from reading your work and doing some research, is that whatever income level we are at, people make decisions around money that are not really all that logical or rational.

I don't like to use that word of professional. I think people do the best they can at every income level and doing the best we can. It's actually really hard when the system is set up to make you fail. As we think about the financial system, every company organization is getting better, faster, smarter at helping you part with your money. And so it's really a David versus Goliath story at almost every income level.

where it's obviously the most salient is at the lower income because every time you quote unquote fail or overspend or fail to meet your budget, the consequences of that are magnified compared to those in the higher income level. But that temptation, that system is sort of set up for all of us to fail. And I think the reason why I don't like the word irrational or sort of mistakes

It's because there's a lot of shame around financial insecurity. We tend to think that it is our fault that we're not financially secure. We internalize that. Therefore, we stop talking to others about our financial situation. And it's really harmful for people's mental well-being. And it's also just counterproductive to make us change the system and change our behaviors.

One thing that I've heard you talk about before is the GI Joe fallacy, the mistaken idea that knowing is half the battle. For example, maybe like if we just understood the investing tools available to us better, we wouldn't need to worry about our financial security.

When we start to think about our financial security as something that is just a function of our personal actions, that's where the shame comes in. And then if you view the world through that lens, then you start to think to yourself, well, the only way to quote unquote help people improve their financial security is

is by increasing their knowledge, is by increasing their financial education, is by getting them in a classroom and teaching them how to budget and teaching them how to save. And that's going to fix the problem. And the reality is that that is the G.I. Joe fallacy. Like, this is not a problem we can just teach away.

And that's the case for a lot of behavioral problems. For example, right, all of us at some point have tried to become healthier. And we all know what to do to do that, right? That means eat a little bit healthier, move a little bit more. And yet, we all struggle with that, right? That's not a knowledge gap. There's a behavior gap.

If you go to many low income communities, they know how to budget probably better than anybody else because they know exactly where every dollar goes. And so for them, it's not a sort of question of, okay, teach me how to budget. It's that this is actually really hard, especially in an environment where costs are rising and my income is not going up and everything around me is sort of set up so that all these goods and services are more expensive.

So I think it's more about trying to get rid of this false idea that we can just teach this away. But even when we think about it in the context of racial wealth disparities, I give tons of talks and presentations to large financial institutions. And they often say, well, we just want to set up financial education programs to try to help close the racial gap.

And, you know, I sit back and I say, okay, well, the racial gap between white Americans and black Americans right now is 10x. Even if through that financial education program that we know from research is not that effective, but let's just say it is, you are able to crack the code.

And every single Black family in the US becomes the best investor in the world and doubles their assets. They beat Warren Buffett's record. And every white family in the US just has a weird year and stays flat in terms of their wealth. We will still have a 5x.

How did you get into this work in the first place? How did you decide that this was the topic that you wanted to research and that you cared about spending your life focusing on? So I was born in the Dominican Republic. My family immigrated to the Bronx and I.

I just was blessed to be part of this large immigrant community. But as children of many immigrants now, you grow up really quickly because you are translating bills for your parents. You are often imitating your parents on the phone when the bill collector calls. And so you're forced to sort of grow up very quickly

in a financial domain when you become the primary translator in the household. When I was growing up, I said, wow, like being financially insecure sucks. You know, my family is great, but this situation is not so great. And I want to try to do everything I can in my power to sort of increase my financial security and sort of just forget and ignore the reality that was, you know, my past. And

I started my career at Goldman as a private equity investor. I have great fond memories of the people that I worked with. I have still to this day great mentors. But in a large part, I think I was running away from what became so naturally to me, which was how do we...

make a dollar out of 10 cents? How do we change the system? I think a lot of it was that I personally internalized that shame. But I think when I was in college, sometimes I would say I was from New York City instead of I was from the Bronx, right? It was everything at all of people's stereotypes that came around that. And it wasn't until I started to own my story to say, no, I'm really proud of my background and my family and where we came from. And indeed, like,

research has ignored this population for so long and has had such wrong ideas, especially in economics, about how low-income people think and make decisions, that it's actually my responsibility to try to correct that shift. For me personally, I know that when probably the tightest financial situation that I've been in in my life was when

The first two years after I had left being a public school teacher and was trying to make a life as a comedian and an artist, obviously I was having very irregular income. And one of the big things that I remember so clearly about that period is being like, I just want to make enough money that I don't have to think about my bank account every day.

Because I was logging in every single day to be like, will this check clear? And will this other check get deposited and clear the deposit before that other check clears? And, you know, bouncing checks because the order wasn't right for me. And I felt so much shame when like I would have the fee because the check didn't clear in the right amount of time. And is that the goal that you're trying to get people to, to where they're at a place where they don't have to think about money as much, which I think is maybe like a

in some ways a counterintuitive idea for financial literacy is like to get to know enough about money that you don't have to think about knowing anything about money anymore. That's my dream state. I want people to think about the things that make them happy, that bring some meaning. Right. Your your comedy, right, Chris, for you, your family, your friends. Thinking about your finances takes up so much cognitive resources. And we know from research from Al-Dawshafir and Anush Shah at the University of Chicago,

that when so much of your cognitive capacity is forced to think about scarcity, right? And so it's not that I am a low income person, therefore I think like this. It's the situation is forcing me to spend a lot of my cognitive capacity thinking about the fact that I have scarce resources. Your mind can't process information in the same way.

productivity in the workplace decreases when people feel financially constrained. You cannot be your best self when you're constantly in this anxious state trying to figure out how to make it to tomorrow. And, you know, obviously, even when I was in that state, I had all sorts of privileges and backup plans and parachutes that many, many people don't have. So I wonder if

What are the biggest things that you see that you kind of think that everyone should be implementing in their lives? Because it seems like an extremely universal thing to be concerned about money at one time or another. Here's why we sort of over focus even when we're financially secure. And part of that is because we haven't sort of set up our systems, right, our environment to help us succeed.

And once you set up your system to help you succeed, you can start to think about it a little less. Assuming that you've already tried to maximize your income, ask for a raise, all of those good things. How do you set up your financial house? Well, we kind of all know that we have to start saving for retirement in some way, right? Like that's not a knowledge gap. People know that, but it takes time to do that. Typically, when you start a new job, you're asked to do those things

When you're like getting your new laptop, learning how to memorize people's names that you're meeting for the first time, figuring out what your work password is going to be, right? It's when your brain is the most scattered. And yet at that time is when we ask you all of a sudden, hey, how much do you want to contribute to your 401k? Let me add to your to-do list, right? And so we tend to put that off and we never come back to it.

Or a lot of us know we have subscriptions that we have to cancel. We know that, but it's just never the right time. Or we know if we have children that we should probably open up a college savings account for them, like a 529. But it's like, "Oh, it's going to take time. I'm going to have to remember their social security number," or whatever it is. But you have to prioritize you. And the way to do that, I think, is to, you know, we all take sick days. We all take mental health days.

But it's important to take a financial health day. Let's go through systematically, okay, what is it that I need to do? Because I know that. And execute. And executing takes time. One thing that I'm so struck by is the idea, like you said, of just having systems, of making it so that it doesn't always have to be a conscious decision. When I left a job, right, I left a job that was a reliable paycheck where you get your paycheck, the taxes are taken out,

You kind of just have to budget with the money that's left over. That's what being financially responsible is. And all of a sudden, I had this job where people send me checks for different amounts, right? Sometimes I'm getting a $5 check. Sometimes I'm getting a $1,000 check. And

they don't withhold any money. So one of the biggest first things that I had to learn was I just need to have a special dedicated tax savings account. And anytime money comes in, I take out a percentage of the money that just goes in there and I don't touch it because it's not mine. Otherwise you will get completely screwed over at the end of the year, which happened to me. And I was like, okay, I need to learn from this. So what are other kind of like automatic systems that you recommend that people put into place?

And so, Chris, let's run with your example, right? Because I think there's so many independent contractors, 1099 workers, Uber and Lyft drivers who are in the same sort of situation.

The first thing is getting really good at billing, right? And creating automated systems that automatically send your clients reminders to pay you. It's crazy when I talk to independent contractors, how long they go without getting paid, right? Net 30 is almost comical. That almost never happens. Oh, I would kill for someone to pay me every single time within 30 days of me billing them. That never happens.

Right. But then for whatever reason, like there's some sort of shame of asking to get paid for the work that you did. What? Like, no.

what, what date I did it. And then it says invoiced, but not paid. And it has a little yellow highlighter. And then when they pay me, it changes to green, but I'm doing that all manually. So I don't have an automated system here. So this is, I'm listening very intently because if I didn't have that spreadsheet, I would just money would disappear for sure. I would forget entirely that I had never been paid. Chris, you know, like we need to get you on like true bill automated, you know, I'm not sponsored by them processes where like,

We have to get your mind more focused on comedy than that. Many an audience has told me that. I mean that with love. The second piece is now after you've collected, how do you then automatically send 30% of your paycheck or 35% of your paycheck into your savings account?

I really don't think that needs to be a manual process because again, let's think about what that looks like. I got money in, I have to go log into my banking portal,

Put in my username and password, forget my password, go back, reset my password, go to my Gmail, come back, click through three different screens, do the mental math of what 30% is, and then feel that pain, right? Viscerally of that money leaving your checking account into your savings account. There are free

companies like Capital with a Q or Abound that automatically have that set up where anytime you get income over $100 or $200, whatever you choose, even Chime, which is a free online bank, they automatically move that money from your checking to your savings.

And again, this is not just for independent contractors, right? All of us have some sort of savings goal, right? Whether we're saving 10% of our income

But believing that one, we're going to remember every single time to do this and then believing that we're going to have the self-control to do that. And then we're going to be like perfect human beings that every time income comes into our checking account, we're going to do that. It's sort of setting up for failure, right? That's not a system that has guardrails to help you succeed.

Right. The system that has guardrails to sell you succeed is one that does this automatically for you. OK, so I'm doing things wrong. I want to be more financially literate.

How do I start learning the right financial literacy? Because sometimes for me, I either get overwhelmed by it's like a sea of numbers and letters and I want to think less about it. But sometimes, you know, they're like, and this is the definition of a bank. And I'm like, OK, well, I'm past that. So what do you do if you're someone who is in the middle here? How do you start? Yeah, well, I think the first thing, if you're in this sort of middle category,

is again just to try to automate as much as possible. So too many people get so bogged down and saying, well, I don't really understand what hedging is, what shorting is, what the stock market is. And so therefore, I'm not even going to begin. I think it's okay for us to recognize that my life's goal

My life's worth, my life's mission is not to be a stockbroker. That's not my individual calling, but...

That doesn't mean that I am going to shun away from this entirely. So what do I do? Well, I can get on these things where they automatically take a certain percentage of my income and invest it in a diversified fund. And they're going to do all the hard work of figuring out how to balance my portfolios, of changing those diversifications as I get older and closer to retirement.

Same thing with my 401k or my retirement plans, or if you're self-employed, right? You have the benefit of having access to a SEP IRA, which is just a tax advantage account where you can put money in to invest. But you don't have to focus so much on maximizing everything.

The focus right now for everybody in the middle ground is to start to begin because that is the move from zero to one is always the hardest, right? Like we can move up from one to two and two to three, but zero to one is probably the most important step. How important is it to get a financial advisor or to have an actual person that you can ask about this stuff?

To me, sometimes that seems like you'll be really helpful, but it's maybe only a thing that you can do when you're already a multimillionaire. How wrong am I in that perception? I think the most important thing is having accountability, right? And whether or not you get that from a financial advisor, whether or not you get that from a trusted source.

we know one of the biggest predictors and people changing of behavior right to start is that accountability measure having someone that is helping you keep on track and so that's a financial advisor for you great right but for me for example you know i used to host these branches with other women in tech where i wanted these other women to hold me accountable right we would share

our salaries, we would share our stock options, we would share any board opportunities. And these women sort of held me accountable to say, you know, you said that you were going to ask X, Y, Z for a position. Have you done that yet?

Right. And that to me was much more meaningful, right? Because I am having this conversation not because I feel shame. I'm having this conversation because I know that I'm changing my life for the better and I want some accountability and I want to be someone else's accountability partner. It sort of changes the whole frame. Okay. I definitely need some accountability. I think we all do. But because this is a podcast, you know what else I think we need? Is an ad break. We will be right back after this.

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Okay, we're back talking about money with Wendy De La Rosa. Here's another clip from her series, Your Money and Your Mind. And this one I think is particularly helpful, especially if you're feeling very uncomfortable talking about money.

Maybe you've seen the viral video of a happy dancing woman who paid off more than $200,000 in student debt. She was able to achieve this incredible milestone because she was bold enough to ask her colleagues and her industry peers how much they earned, noting the thousands of dollars that she was missing out on, and finding a job that would pay her her fair market rate.

I think that video gained notoriety because it's not often that we get to see what people have saved and how they're doing it. But it shouldn't be so rare. By having check-ins with your friends, you can help make a trend. I remember when I paid off my student loan. I wish I would have celebrated that milestone with friends. But at the time, I too was brainwashed into thinking that I shouldn't talk to my friends about money.

that it was a scary, taboo subject. Don't be like me. Start the conversation today. Research has shown that our social bonds make us healthier. It's time to harness your social ties to boost your financial fitness too. Your future self will thank you. I can really relate to that idea that we sometimes don't talk about money to the extent that we don't even celebrate financial victories. I think a lot of what holds us back around money is traced back to shame.

But you are very much convincing me, Wendy, that we need to get past that. I think it's it feels like it's really important to talk with friends and family about finances so that we can not just know what they spend, but also how they save. And maybe in the process of that conversation, we'll uncover a problem that they're having that we can help with. Or maybe we'll learn strategies and techniques that we desperately need to know to improve our own financial situation.

You probably know right away if your friend bought a new car or if your friend got a new home. But do you know what their mortgage interest rate is? Have you talked to them about how they've consolidated their student loans? Do you know how much they have in savings? Do you know if they even started contributing to a 401k? We put spending as sort of this...

great topic of conversation. Look at my new X, look at my new Y, but for whatever reason, we don't do that with savings or investing where the things that actually really matter, right? The things that as friends, as family members, as partners, we should care the most about. And I think the onus is on us again, right?

to bring that to the forefront of the conversation. We should be close enough to share our financial situations, our financial struggles, and then sort of share tips and how did you get through XYZ situation? I've learned this, like let's sort of share together.

I think that's really important. How do you start conversations around money? Like with your own friends, how do you start these conversations? Yeah. So first things first is change the system, right? You have to create your conversations. With my own partner, for example, when we started dating, I was very open about my financial situation. And I said, you know, if we see a future here, I'm expecting the same. And so it was very much

Let's go get tested because we're engaging in this long-term partnership. Let's show each other our credit scores because we're engaging in this long-term partnership. One of the things that we've done to help people is that we actually have a list of 10 questions that you can sort of ease through

the conversation with your partners, of your friends, of talking about money, right? You can think about these as like the 10 questions to get to knowing someone else financially. And it goes from, you know, what are your financial goals? What do you want to accomplish? All the way to, well, what's the area that you feel like you need the most help with? And how can I support you? And again, it's coming at this conversation, not as a surprise, not as an argument, because then people retract and

turn in word and walk away, but sort of putting time on the calendar and say, you know what, today is financial date night. Let's talk about our finances. Let's open up that bottle of Merlot and let's have a frank conversation so that everybody's aware of what's going to happen on Friday night.

And we can start to let our guard down a little bit more. For people who are living check to check and maybe you want to invest, but you don't have the liquidity to start. What are some tips that you have for them? Because I love that you already have said, right, it's not about you. You know, you know that you have to spend within your means. What are the other things that for people who are living in that moment where it does feel really tight, what should they be doing?

Well, one of the first things that I always look at and I always ask people to do is to look at their income. How are we going to maximize the money coming in? And because there's so much shame around financial decisions, one of the things that is really sad in the US is that a lot of our benefit programs are underutilized. So for example, in California,

25 to 30% of people who are experiencing food insecurity do not even apply for SNAP, which is the program for where you can get assistance, otherwise known as food stamps. When we think about the program called the Earned Income Tax Credit, which is this tax credit that it has been the largest poverty alleviation program ever introduced in

Every year, roughly 20 to 22% of people who are eligible for this, who have worked, who have earned income, do not claim their earned income tax credit. Now, there are a whole host of reasons why that is. It's hard. The application process takes time. But a big part of this is changing the mentality of seeing my situation is not necessarily just a reflection of my personal choices.

It's a reflection of the systems around me and it is okay for me as a citizen of this great country to tap into the safety net that's there because once you're out of that situation then you can help others, right? How can we expand your universe of help and income right aside from

Let's have you apply for different jobs. Let's have you ask for income, especially for women, right? Where we know that there's systematic wage gaps, right? Between men and women and it's exacerbated by communities of color, right?

Then and only then should we start to have the conversation around, well, what systems are in place right now that are not serving you? When I ask people, what's the number one thing that you regret, what's the number one expense? It's delivery apps and alcohol. Those are the things that come to the top of the list. If that's you, let's change your system. Let's delete those apps. Or if that's too much of a stretch for you,

Let's tie that bank account, not to your credit card or your checking account, but to a prepaid card that only has 50 bucks, right? Because then you know, like once you pass those 50 bucks, are you really going to sit there and input a new card? No, right? We're creating barriers for ourselves in order to change our systems. And that's what I like help people to do is tell me what your values are.

And then we can create a system based on those values. One thing that I've also heard you talk about is when you aren't starting from zero, when you've already kind of gotten yourself into a situation where you have debt, you have some really practical tips for how people should pay off credit card debt or pay off any debt.

Yeah, let's talk about debt. We have to get comfortable negotiating and advocating for yourself. Love yourself enough to advocate for yourself. And so what do I mean by that? Oftentimes when we get our credit cards for the first time, it's typically when we're young, probably you were at a college fair, right? Like all these banks were sort of salivating after you didn't have the credit score that hopefully you have now.

And so you typically were bucketed into the highest interest rate bucket possible. But if you've been responsible with your credit, if you've paid off your credit cards on time, your risk profile now looks very differently than when you got your credit card. And so you have a lot of ground to stand on to call your credit card company and say,

okay can you do a review of my credit history given that i now earn more money i have a better credit profile can you reduce my interest rate the worst thing they could say is no right there's nothing to lose the second thing i would do is to think about your financial life right you know when is the best time for you to have a large expense come out of your checking account whether that's the first of the month the 31st of the month

right if you know that systematically you get paid on the 15th of every month then it's probably a good thing to have your credit card due date be on the 16th or the 17th instead of the 14th where you're probably the lowest on cash right um and credit card companies can do that they don't advertise it but they can do that and that's not just credit card companies like most installment loans that you have will work with you to change their payment date

And then the last tip I'll say around any sort of debt is to think about your payment frequency. So with credit cards, interest is calculated on a daily basis. And so every single day that you wait to pay, you're paying the credit card companies more money. If you get paid biweekly or weekly, why not split that $100 credit card payment that you were going to pay your credit card company and just pay $25 a week?

You're going to save money on interest because you're paying earlier. But the key here, everything that we're talking about is how do I make the system work for me? Whether it's changing my interest rate, whether it's changing my payment date, or whether it's changing how frequently I end up making payments.

It's all about changing those systems around you. Wendy, this has been incredible. I feel like I have personally learned so much and I feel like this is not information that I have heard about before and I want people to know it. I wish I had known it earlier. Before we go, one last question for you. Wendy, what is one thing that has helped you to be a better human? This is a good question. So

One of these life lessons that really was seared into my mind, I can't remember if I was in high school or in college at the time, but my mom and I were walking home and there was this man who was assaulting a woman on the street. And this is Bronx, New York. And my gut instinct was immediately to cross the street. And my mom's gut instinct, who's also 5'4",

one, five, two, a shorty like me, was to immediately go help the woman. And we called the police. But I remember in that moment, I was so infuriated because it's like, mom, put yourself in danger. How could you? And my mom looked at me with such disappointment. And she said, if you're not willing to stand up for justice, then what are you willing to do?

like what do you even stand for? And she didn't scream, she didn't yell, but it was just like the sense of disappointment of like, how dare you think that you live in this world by yourself? Because you don't, right? Like this could have easily been you. And that has changed my worldview, like watching my mom just operate through the world with her lens of I am a global citizen.

and therefore I have the responsibilities of being a global citizen constantly makes me a better human. That's such a beautiful story and such a powerful message from your mom. That's a great lesson. Yeah, shout out to Marta Felipe. You know, she's just a badass in all the ways. I mean, she's 61 and

Just got her learner's permit a couple of days ago. I love it. Well, Wendy De La Rosa, it has been an absolute pleasure talking to you. Thank you so much. I'm excited to be on and I love TED.

That is our show for today. So many lessons in this one. This was an incredibly valuable conversation for me. I hope that listening paid off for you as well. This has been How to Be a Better Human. I am your host, Chris Duffy, and a huge thank you to today's guest, Wendy De La Rosa. She's the co-creator and the host of Ted's Your Money and Your Mind, and she is the co-founder of the Common Sense Lab. That's C-E-N-T-S, sense.

From TED, our show is brought to you by Jimmy Gutierrez's impeccable credit, Anna Phelan's outstanding savings, Rathu Jagannath's beautiful bank account, Erika Yoon's stunning debit cards, and Julia Dickerson's investment portfolio.

From Transmitter Media, we are brought to you by Greta Cohn and Ferre de Garage. They are the faces on my personal currency, which I have just started to print. And from PRX, Jocelyn Gonzalez and Patrick Grant, two people who I would honestly answer any question they asked me about either my financial history or my relationship history. That is how much I trust them.

And most of all, thank you to you for listening to our show. Your support and your encouragement, they mean the world to us. And you know what? It's the one thing money can't buy. So thank you, thank you, thank you. Please help us to continue spreading the word about our show by sharing it with a friend and leaving us a positive rating and review. We will be back with more How to Be a Better Human for you next week.

Support for the show comes from Brooks Running. I'm so excited because I have been a runner, gosh, my entire adult life. And for as long as I can remember, I have run with Brooks Running shoes. Now I'm running with a pair of Ghost 16s from Brooks.

incredibly lightweight shoes that have really soft cushioning. It feels just right when I'm hitting my running trail that's just out behind my house. You now can take your daily run in the Better Than Ever Go 16. You can visit brookscrunning.com to learn more. PR.