cover of episode How much has science increased human lifespans?

How much has science increased human lifespans?

2025/1/13
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The Hard Shoulder Highlights

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Roger Highfield
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专注于电动车和能源领域的播客主持人和内容创作者。
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主持人: 我关注的是一个富有的企业家Brian Johnson,他花费巨资试图逆转他的生物年龄,这引发了人们对科学在延长人类寿命方面取得进展的讨论。我不认为战胜死亡在理论上是可能的。人类对死亡的理解和预期是独一无二的,自人类有意识以来,我们一直在试图对抗死亡。 Brian Johnson的案例引发了关于科学能否帮助人类延长寿命甚至实现永生的讨论。他的行为代表了一种极端的尝试,但同时也反映了人类对延长寿命的普遍渴望。最终,他的尝试是否成功,以及是否能为科学研究提供有价值的经验,还有待观察。 在节目最后,我还提到了一个观点:当人们问谁想活到100岁时,应该去问问99岁的人。这突显了关注生活质量而非单纯追求长寿的重要性。 Roger Highfield: 科学确实为我们提供了延长寿命的诱人线索,但将这些线索转化为实际的治疗方法需要几十年时间和大量的努力。Brian Johnson的行为我认为只是在抓住稻草,许多他尝试的疗法都缺乏充分的测试。仅仅依靠大量未经测试的疗法来改善身体健康并非正确的方法。 从生物学的角度来看,我们被设计为繁衍后代,而不是永生。许多身体机能都与衰老过程有关,要对抗衰老,就必须解开并克服这些过程。目前,我没有看到任何令人信服的证据表明我们可以比130岁活得更长。 我认为,关注生活质量而非寿命长度才是更明智的选择。即使是像Brian Johnson这样极端尝试的人,最终还是要依靠运动、睡眠、健康饮食和享受生活来保持健康。我们已经掌握了健康的秘诀,只是需要严格地执行。

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So Brian Johnson is this entrepreneur. He's been described as a biohacking multimillionaire and there's a show about him on Netflix. If you haven't seen it, a biohacking multimillionaire is somebody who decides to spend all of their money trying to beat death.

and live forever. But is that actually possible? Roger Highfield is with me. Roger is the science director at the Science Museum in London. Roger, it's always good to talk to you and thanks a million for taking the time to be with us. I mean, is it theoretically possible to beat death? I don't think it is.

Has anyone told Brian Johnson? I mean, you know, let's face it. Humans are kind of unique in our ability, you know, among all the animals and creatures out there to understand and anticipate death. And really, ever since human consciousness was born, we've been trying to defy death and, you know,

Chinese emperors and goodness knows what have experimented with all sorts of methods over millennia to try to put off death. And obviously science is giving us some really interesting leads at the moment. But I think what's happening is that, you know, speaking to someone who was at a kind of a health conference,

conference which is like a heady mixture of entrepreneurs and rich people and investors and scientists um you know science gives us tantalizing leads but it takes you know decades to build a lead into a treatment a lot of sort of dogged work and i think brian johnson um

He just thinks, I've got a lot of money. You know, Venky Ramakrishnan, who's written a lovely book about, an interesting book about defying death called Why We Die, he makes this joke that when today's tech billionaires were young, they wanted to be rich, and now they're rich, they want to be young.

I think he's just grasping at straws. There's a lot of interesting leads out there, but very few things have been properly tested. And the fact that he's just given up on a drug that a lot of people were claiming could have anti-aging effects just shows you that, you know, just throwing a whole load of untested treatments at your body is not a way to do it. What medically speaking or biologically speaking, what what?

What is the kind of the rock that they eventually all kind of wash up on? You know, assuming people don't get contract an actual illness with all the intervention in the world, what actually happens that, you know, your heart stops beating and your brain shuts down? Well, I think you have to ask a very basic question about what has Mother Nature designed us to do? It's a bit of an anthropomorphic way to put it. And

You know, we're designed to pass our genes on to future generations. And frankly, once we've done that, nature doesn't really care how old we get so long as our genes thrive and survive. So, you know, our goal is not to live forever, but it's to produce offspring. And so, you know, there are lots of processes at work in the body that have to be

unravelled or defied to defy ageing

And at the moment, I don't see any very convincing evidence that we can live significantly longer than, say, I'm guessing now 130 years or something like that. You look at the longest living people on the planet. I mean, I think sensible people are not focused on how long we live, but the quality of life, you know, and just to make sure that if you live to the age of 100, that you have 100 people

years when you're functioning at full capacity that seems something a much more sensible objective than saying we should all live to be 500 years old because 400 years of it could be you know drooling in a dementia clinic and we none of us want to have that um what then the kind of sage advice is it the age-old advice

Yeah, you know, I think it's interesting, even Brian Johnson himself, you know, he's tried all sorts of things like, you know, blood transfusions from his teenage son, which again, studies of mice showed had a rejuvenating effect. You know, he's gone to very extreme things. But if you, if push comes to shove, it's still down to exercise, sleep, eating well and sensibly and enjoying life. You know, so I think

I think we've all got the recipe there in our grasp. We've just got to be quite rigorous in applying it. Roger, listen, it's always great to talk to you. So thank you. Roger Highfield is a science director at the Science Museum in London. I'm always...

Reminded in these conversations, you know when people say, who would want to live to be 100? Ask the 99-year-old. Anyway, we might come back to that another day as Brian Johnston's schemes begin to unravel around him. As Roger says, he's already discounted one of these miracle pills that he was on to keep him young forever. The Hard Shoulder with Ciarán Cudahy. With the MG Hybrid and Electric range. Weekdays from 4 on Newstalk.