cover of episode Dr. Jonathan Haidt: How Smartphones & Social Media Impact Mental Health & the Realistic Solutions

Dr. Jonathan Haidt: How Smartphones & Social Media Impact Mental Health & the Realistic Solutions

2024/6/10
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Huberman Lab

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Andrew Huberman
是一位专注于神经科学、学习和健康的斯坦福大学教授和播客主持人。
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Jonathan Haidt
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Jonathan Haidt: 智能手机和社交媒体的广泛使用,尤其是在2010年到2015年间,对青少年的心理健康造成了深远的影响。这导致了焦虑、抑郁和自残等问题的急剧增加,尤其是在女孩中。这种现象并非美国独有,在全球发达国家都有类似的趋势。Haidt 博士认为,这种现象与童年时期从以游戏为中心转变为以手机为中心有关,这使得孩子们失去了在户外玩耍、与同伴互动和解决冲突的机会,从而影响了他们的社会技能和心理发展。他指出,男孩和女孩对手机的使用方式和内容偏好存在差异,男孩更倾向于玩游戏和观看色情内容,而女孩则更倾向于使用社交媒体。这些行为会对多巴胺奖励系统造成影响,导致成瘾和对现实世界中人际关系的障碍。Haidt 博士还强调了青春期大脑发育的敏感性,以及在这一时期过度使用手机可能造成的长期影响。他认为,为了解决这个问题,我们需要改变社会规范,例如推迟孩子使用智能手机和社交媒体的时间,创造更多机会让孩子们参与到户外活动和团队运动中,并减少学校和家庭中的手机使用时间。 Andrew Huberman: Huberman 博士作为神经生物学家,从神经生物学的角度补充了 Haidt 博士的观点。他强调了多巴胺在奖励和成瘾中的作用,以及快速满足带来的负面影响。他指出,青春期大脑的可塑性很高,而过度使用手机可能会导致大脑的错误连接,从而影响未来的心理健康和行为。他赞同 Haidt 博士提出的解决方案,并强调了在青春期保护孩子免受有害信息和过度刺激的重要性。Huberman 博士还提到了其他一些因素,例如近距离长时间看屏幕对视力的影响,以及缺乏户外活动对身体健康的影响。

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Dr. Haidt explains how technology, particularly the rise of smartphones and social media between 2010 and 2015, has led to what he calls 'The Great Rewiring of Childhood,' fundamentally changing how children interact, learn, and develop.

Shownotes Transcript

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Jonathan Haidt, Ph.D.), professor of social psychology at New York University and bestselling author on how technology and culture impact the psychology and health of kids, teens, and adults. We discuss the dramatic rise of suicide, depression, and anxiety as a result of replacing a play-based childhood with smartphones, social media, and video games.

He explains how a screen-filled childhood leads to challenges in psychological development that negatively impact learning, resilience, identity, cooperation, and conflict resolution — all of which are crucial skills for future adult relationships and career success. We also discuss how phones and social media impact boys and girls differently and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of how smartphones alter basic brain plasticity and function. 

Dr. Haidt explains his four recommendations for healthier smartphone use in kids, and we discuss how to restore childhood independence and play in the current generation. 

This is an important topic for everyone, young or old, parents and teachers, students and families, to be aware of in order to understand the potential mental health toll of smartphone use and to apply tools to foster skill-building and reestablish healthy norms for our kids.

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com).

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Timestamps

00:00:00 Dr. Jonathan Haidt

00:02:01 Sponsors: Helix Sleep, AeroPress & Joovv

00:06:23 Great Rewiring of Childhood: Technology, Smartphones & Social Media

00:12:48 Mental Health Trends: Boys, Girls & Smartphones

00:16:26 Smartphone Usage, Play-Based to Phone-Based Childhood

00:20:40 The Tragedy of Losing Play-Based Childhood

00:28:13 Sponsor: AG1

00:30:02 Girls vs. Boys, Interests & Trapping Kids

00:37:31 “Effectance,” Systems & Relationships, Animals

00:41:47 Boys Sexual Development, Dopamine Reinforcement & Pornography

00:49:19 Boys, Courtship, Chivalry & Technology; Gen Z Development

00:55:24 Play & Low-Stakes Mistakes, Video Games & Social Media, Conflict Resolution

00:59:48 Sponsor: LMNT

01:01:23 Social Media, Trolls, Performance

01:06:47 Dynamic Subordination, Hierarchy, Boys

01:10:15 Girls & Perfectionism, Social Media & Performance

01:14:00 Phone-Based Childhood & Brain Development, Critical Periods

01:21:15 Puberty & Sensitive Periods, Culture & Identity

01:23:55 Brain Development & Puberty; Identity; Social Media, Learning & Reward

01:33:37 Tool: 4 Recommendations for Smartphone Use in Kids

01:41:48 Changing Childhood Norms, Policies & Legislature

01:49:13 Summer Camp, Team Sports, Religion, Music

01:54:36 Boredom, Addiction & Smartphones; Tool: “Awe Walks”

02:03:14 Casino Analogy & Ceding Childhood; Social Media Content

02:09:33 Adult Behavior; Tool: Meals & Phones

02:11:45 Regaining Childhood Independence; Tool: Family Groups & Phones

02:16:09 Screens & Future Optimism, Collective Action, KOSA Bill

02:24:52 Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

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