cover of episode #430 – Charan Ranganath: Human Memory, Imagination, Deja Vu, and False Memories

#430 – Charan Ranganath: Human Memory, Imagination, Deja Vu, and False Memories

2024/5/25
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Charan Ranganath
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Lex Fridman
一位通过播客和研究工作在科技和科学领域广受认可的美国播客主持人和研究科学家。
Topics
Lex Fridman 探讨了体验自我和记忆自我之间的差异，以及记忆在快乐和满足感中的作用。他提出，我们对过去的记忆建构赋予我们一种稳定感错觉，而记忆并非对体验的简单重放，而是经过加工和筛选后的产物，容易受到首因效应和近因效应的影响。 Charan Ranganath 详细解释了体验自我和记忆自我的区别，指出记忆并非体验的简单重放，而是大脑对过去经验的加工和选择性提取，它倾向于突出体验中的高峰和低谷，而忽略中间部分。这种记忆建构方式虽然会产生稳定感错觉，但其预测误差却能驱动学习和适应。他还探讨了记忆在决策中的作用，以及如何通过控制记忆来最大化长期快乐。他建议人们应该去做那些即使当下痛苦，但日后能带来美好回忆的事情，因为痛苦的经历也能被重新解读并从中获得积极的意义。他还谈到了记忆在塑造自我认同和人生道路中的作用，以及青春期对大脑发育和心理健康的重要性。他认为，早期的记忆对塑造我们的人生道路具有更重要的作用，而教育的重要性不仅在于学习内容，还在于学习如何与人相处和认识自我。 Lex Fridman 进一步探讨了记忆在决策中的作用，以及如何根据过去的经验和反事实思维来做出决策。他指出，早期的记忆对塑造我们的人生道路具有更重要的作用，而自我是一个不断发展的建构。他还探讨了青春期对大脑发育和心理健康的重要性，以及教育在塑造自我和学习如何与人相处中的作用。他认为，即使是痛苦的经历，也能在事后被重新解读并从中获得积极的意义，并提出了如何通过控制记忆来最大化长期快乐的建议。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This section explores the concepts of the experiencing self and the remembering self, discussing how memories shape our happiness and decision-making processes.
  • The experiencing self is about the present moment, while the remembering self is about how we recall past experiences.
  • Our memories are often biased by peaks and unique events, not by the continuous experience.
  • Memory is crucial in decision-making, influencing our choices based on past experiences.

Shownotes Transcript

Charan Ranganath is a psychologist and neuroscientist at UC Davis, specializing in human memory. He is the author of a new book titled Why We Remember. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Riverside: https://creators.riverside.fm/LEX) and use code LEX to get 30% off – ZipRecruiter: https://ziprecruiter.com/lex) – Notion: https://notion.com/lex) – MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lexpod) to get 15% off – Shopify: https://shopify.com/lex) to get $1 per month trial – LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex) to get free sample pack

Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/charan-ranganath-transcript)

EPISODE LINKS: Charan’s X: https://x.com/CharanRanganath) Charan’s Instagram: https://instagram.com/thememorydoc) Charan’s Website: https://charanranganath.com) Why We Remember (book): https://amzn.to/3WzUF6x) Charan’s Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ptWkt1wAAAAJ) Dynamic Memory Lab: https://dml.ucdavis.edu/)

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OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (10:18) – Experiencing self vs remembering self (23:59) – Creating memories (33:31) – Why we forget (41:08) – Training memory (51:37) – Memory hacks (1:03:26) – Imagination vs memory (1:12:44) – Memory competitions (1:22:33) – Science of memory (1:37:48) – Discoveries (1:48:52) – Deja vu (1:54:09) – False memories (2:14:14) – False confessions (2:18:00) – Heartbreak (2:25:34) – Nature of time (2:33:15) – Brain–computer interface (BCI) (2:47:19) – AI and memory (2:57:33) – ADHD (3:04:30) – Music (3:14:15) – Human mind