The three-body problem refers to any system where three objects exert significant gravitational forces on each other. Unlike a two-body system, which has a stable orbit, a three-body system is chaotic and hard to predict, making it a complex challenge in physics.
David Benioff and D.B. Weiss, the creators of Game of Thrones, are known for their ability to adapt complex, multi-layered novels into engaging television series. They were drawn to the epic scope and the intricate narrative of The Three-Body Problem, which includes deep dives into Chinese history and advanced scientific concepts.
Wenjie, a young woman who grew up during the Cultural Revolution, is a key character because her traumatic past, including witnessing her father's death for being a physicist, shapes her actions. Her decision to invite aliens to take over Earth is directly tied to her deep-seated trauma and disillusionment with humanity.
SOFONs are fictional, multi-dimensional protons that the aliens use to interfere with human physics experiments and communicate across vast distances. While purely fictional, they serve as a crucial plot device, explaining how the aliens can create hallucinations, spy on humans, and manipulate scientific data.
The VR game is a creative way to display the mysterious alien world without showing it directly. It allows for artistic freedom in visualizing complex physics concepts, such as gravity and time manipulation, and helps the audience understand the aliens' environment and challenges.
The aliens in The Three-Body Problem cannot lie because their communication is directly linked to their thoughts. This creates distrust and suspicion towards humans, who can lie, leading to significant discord. The aliens see this ability as a sign of human inferiority and potential danger.
A science advisor ensures that the scientific elements in the show are plausible and accurate, even if they are not entirely real. They help with everything from scriptwriting and dialogue to visual effects and props, ensuring that the show's science is consistent and enhances the storytelling.
The sun's layers and convection currents can theoretically amplify signals through constructive interference. However, this requires precise tuning and is not a phenomenon that has been observed. The concept is used in the series to explain how a signal can be amplified and transmitted across interstellar distances.
In today's highly polarized political environment, science is often politicized, leading to misinformation and distrust. This can affect areas like climate change, vaccines, and other scientific advancements, making it difficult for the public to discern fact from fiction and potentially hindering progress.
The series includes diverse characters, including women and people from different ethnic backgrounds, which reflects a more realistic and inclusive portrayal of the scientific community. This helps to break stereotypes and provides a more accurate representation of the collaborative and diverse nature of scientific research.
This episode of Physics World Stories explores the science, politics and ethics in the Netflix series *3 Body Problem). *Adapted from the celebrated Chinese novel The Three-Body Problem) by Liu Cixin, the multi-layered story centres around humanity’s first contact with an alien civilization. As the drama unfolds, with physicists among its lead protagonists, the plot navigates the challenges of communicating with aliens across interstellar space – and the inevitable tensions that arise on Earth.
To discuss 3 Body Problem, podcast host Andrew Glester is joined by three special guests:
Matt Kenzie): the series’ science adviser, a particle physicist at the University of Cambridge. Kenzie’s role in informing the show’s scientific elements gives him unparalleled insight into the integration of physics into its narrative.
Jennifer Ouellette): a renowned science writer who reviewed Cixin’s book *The Three-Body Problem *)for Physics World back in 2015. Ouellette shares her thoughts on the book’s themes, and assesses the merits of the TV adaptation by the creators of Game of Thrones.
Hannah Little): a linguist at the University of Liverpool who is also a member of the SETI Post-Detection Hub). That initiative, based at the University of St Andrews in Scotland, considers how we should communicate with aliens should we discover we are not alone in the cosmos.
(Image courtesy: Ed Miller/Netflix)