This chapter explores the foundations of encryption and how it relies on the difficulty of mathematical problems for computers to solve. It then introduces the concept of quantum cryptography and how it leverages the laws of physics for security, challenging the traditional reliance on computational hardness.
Modern encryption depends on computationally hard problems.
Quantum cryptography uses the laws of physics for security.
Quantum measurement disturbance is a key element.
The nature of quantum information itself offers cryptographic properties.