cover of episode Can Biden's climate law survive Trump?

Can Biden's climate law survive Trump?

2024/12/11
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Elahe Izadi
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Maxine Josselow
旁白
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Maxine Josselow: 《通胀削减法案》(IRA)通过了慷慨的税收抵免,鼓励消费者购买电动汽车、屋顶太阳能电池板和热泵等气候友好型技术。它还激励公司在美国建立生产这些技术的工厂。尽管没有共和党议员投票支持,但IRA的投资主要流向了2020年支持特朗普的共和党领导的州和地区,这些地区获得的清洁能源和制造业投资是倾向于拜登的地区的3倍。这可能是因为这些州的税收较低,土地资源丰富,工会力量较弱。2023年的纳税申报显示,美国纳税人已申请超过80亿美元的IRA税收抵免。E2的数据显示,自IRA通过以来,已有334个项目获得批准,预计将创造超过10.9万个就业岗位,并带来至少1260亿美元的直接私人投资。尽管IRA正在发挥作用,但其作用有限,美国在拜登政府时期石油和天然气的产量创历史新高,这主要受全球市场力量的影响。专家们对IRA的成功与否存在不同看法。关于IRA的政治影响,许多人不知道IRA及其与当地新工厂的关系,民主党未能有效地宣传该法案。一些企业,如埃克森美孚,也受益于IRA的税收抵免,这为特朗普的政策选择带来了复杂性。 Elahe Izadi: 提出了关于IRA实施效果、公众认知度、企业支持以及IRA与气候目标关系等问题,并探讨了IRA的政治影响。 旁白: 介绍了IRA的背景、通过过程以及特朗普对其的反对态度。总结了IRA的经济影响和政治影响,并对IRA的未来走向进行了展望。 Elahe Izadi: 提出了关键问题,例如IRA的通过过程、具体激励措施、实施效果、公众认知度、企业利益相关者态度以及特朗普政府可能采取的行动等。这些问题引导了对IRA的全面讨论,并促进了对IRA未来走向的深入思考。 旁白: 提供了背景信息,包括IRA的通过、其对清洁能源投资的影响以及特朗普政府可能采取的行动。旁白还介绍了该法案的名称由来,以及其在不同政治派别中的支持度。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

What is the Inflation Reduction Act primarily aimed at?

The Inflation Reduction Act is the largest climate change legislation in U.S. history, focusing on stimulating clean energy production and reducing carbon emissions through tax credits and grants.

How has the Inflation Reduction Act impacted consumers and companies?

Consumers receive tax credits for purchasing climate-friendly technologies like electric vehicles and solar panels, while companies are incentivized to build factories for these technologies in the U.S.

Why did the Inflation Reduction Act pass without Republican support?

The Act passed in 2022 with only Democratic support, as Republicans opposed it, but it faced internal challenges from centrist Democrat Joe Manchin, who eventually agreed to the bill with concessions.

Why is the Inflation Reduction Act called that, despite its focus on climate change?

Senator Joe Manchin insisted on the name 'Inflation Reduction Act' to reflect his primary concern about high inflation, even though the bill's main focus is climate change.

What are the 'carrots' in the Inflation Reduction Act?

The 'carrots' are tax credits and grants that incentivize both individuals and companies to adopt climate-friendly technologies, such as electric vehicles, heat pumps, and carbon capture technology.

How has the Inflation Reduction Act benefited red states more than blue states?

Red states, which favored Trump in 2020, have received three times more clean energy and manufacturing investments due to lower tax barriers, more rural land availability, and right-to-work laws that reduce union power.

How much money have Americans claimed in tax credits from the Inflation Reduction Act?

Americans claimed over $8 billion in tax credits from the Act for climate-friendly home upgrades in 2023.

What are the potential challenges Trump faces in dismantling the Inflation Reduction Act?

While Trump can use executive actions to narrow the law's scope, fully repealing it would require congressional action. Some Republicans in Congress may oppose wholesale repeal due to the benefits their districts have received.

Which tax credits are most likely to be targeted by Trump?

The electric vehicle tax credit is particularly vulnerable due to its association with liberal elites, while environmental justice initiatives may also be targeted due to skepticism from Trump and his allies.

What parts of the Inflation Reduction Act are likely to remain untouched?

Tax credits for carbon capture and nuclear energy are likely to remain, as they enjoy bipartisan support and are favored by major oil companies.

Chapters
This chapter explains the Inflation Reduction Act, its passage through Congress, the role of Senator Joe Manchin, and its focus on incentivizing climate-friendly technologies rather than imposing regulations. It highlights the act's ambitious goal of zeroing out greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
  • The Inflation Reduction Act is the largest climate change legislation in US history.
  • It passed in 2022 with only Democratic votes.
  • It uses financial incentives instead of regulations to encourage climate-friendly technologies.
  • Senator Joe Manchin played a crucial role in its passage and naming.
  • The act aims to put the US on a path to zero emissions by 2050.

Shownotes Transcript

Two years ago, President Biden and congressional Democrats passed the Inflation Reduction Act, aimed at stimulating clean energy production and reducing carbon emissions. Since then, hundreds of thousands of jobs have been created and Americans have claimed over $8 billion in tax credits to spend on climate-friendly technologies for their homes. The biggest winners have been more conservative areas), where more investments have been made because of lower tax barriers and more incentives for companies to build there. But despite this, President-elect Donald Trump has vowed to stop efforts to boost clean energy, calling it the “green new scam.” 

“Post Reports” co-host Elahe Izadi speaks with reporter Maxine Joselow about how he could do this and what the lasting effects of the Inflation Reduction Act might be.

Today’s show was produced by Sabby Robinson with help from Elana Gordon. It was mixed by Justin Gerrish and edited by Lucy Perkins with help from Maggie Penman. Thank you also to Roger Hodge.

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