The three prefixes discussed are 'de' (spelt d-e), 'dis' (spelt d-i-s), and 'dys' (spelt d-y-s).
The prefix 'dis-' means 'not' or the opposite of the word it precedes, such as 'disagree' meaning not to agree.
The medical term for indigestion is 'dyspepsia'.
The prefix 'dys-' has a negative meaning, indicating something that is bad or abnormal, such as 'dysfunctional' meaning not working properly.
The prefix 'de-' typically means 'take away' or 'remove', as seen in 'detox' which refers to removing toxins or poisons.
An example of a word using the prefix 'dys-' is 'dyslexia', which refers to difficulty with reading.
The opposite of 'appear' is 'disappear', which is formed by adding the prefix 'dis-' to 'appear'.
Gladys believes that her husband's indigestion is caused by stress, not by a bad diet as the doctor suggests.
The top tip is to break down new words and recognize prefixes to help understand their meanings.
In the context of the podcast, 'discomfort' means the opposite of 'comfort', indicating a state of being uncomfortable.
This BBC podcast is supported by ads outside the UK. This is a download from BBC Learning English. To find out more, visit our website. Hello and welcome to 6 Minute Vocabulary. I'm Neil. And I'm Finn.
In this programme, we're looking at three prefixes – D, spelt D-E, dis, spelt D-Y-S, and dis, spelt D-I-S. Prefixes, or prefixes as some people say, are two or three letters that go at the beginning of a word and affect its meaning. We'll look at what each prefix means and give you example sentences. There'll be a quiz! And we'll leave you with a top tip for learning vocabulary –
But first, let's listen to Gladys talking about her husband, Bert. While you listen, think about this question. Does Gladys agree with Bert's doctor? Bert's dyspepsia, his indigestion, is quite bad at the moment. It's causing him quite a bit of discomfort. The doctor says it's because he eats too much fatty food. She says the symptoms would disappear if Bert went on a detox diet.
No disrespect to the doctor, but I disagree. I think it's caused by stress. So we asked you, does Gladys agree with the doctor? And the answer is no, she disagrees. Gladys thinks her husband's indigestion is caused by stress.
But the doctor thinks it's due to a bad diet. Disagree is the key word because it has the prefix dis- spelt d-i-s. This means not. So by adding dis- we can turn a word into its opposite. So disagree means not to agree. And disrespect means not having respect.
Gladys says no disrespect to the doctor, meaning she doesn't want people to think she doesn't respect what the doctor says. Let's hear another clip from Gladys with more prefixes. Bert's dyspepsia, or indigestion, is quite bad at the moment. It's causing him quite a bit of discomfort.
So, we had discomfort. If you know what the word comfort means... Then you can work out what discomfort means. Dis plus comfort gives us the opposite of comfort. Bert's feeling uncomfortable.
And in the clip, we heard the word dyspepsia. Now that's the medical word for indigestion, when your stomach feels very full and uncomfortable after you eat. This word starts with the prefix dys, but this time it's spelt d-y-s.
This prefix is less common than dys spelt d-i-s, but it also has a negative meaning. It has the idea of being bad or abnormal. So dyspepsia is a medical condition when your body can't process food in the normal way. Other words with the prefix dys spelt d-y-s are dyslexia and dysfunctional. People who have dyslexia have difficulty with reading.
And if something is dysfunctional, it doesn't work properly. Let's have another clip with the prefix dis-, D-I-S. We'll also hear our next prefix. She says the symptoms would disappear if Bert went on a detox diet. So we had disappear, that's D-I-S plus appear. Yes, and disappear means the opposite of appear.
We also have the word detox, which starts with the prefix de-, spelt d-e. Yes, the prefix de-, spelt d-e, usually means take away or remove something. So if something is described as a detox, de-tox, it means it takes away toxins or poisons. A detox diet could be one with just fruit and vegetables. I like to detox at the end of the day with a hot bath. OK.
And we're talking about the prefixes dis- spelt d-i-s, dis- spelt d-y-s and d- spelt d-e. All these prefixes have a negative meaning. And now it's quiz time. Choose the correct word. Number one. One minute the dogs were playing in the garden.
Well, the answer to that is B, disappeared. Number two. People who drink too much alcohol sometimes go to a clinic for a... A, dyspepsia. B, discomfort. C, detox.
The answer is C, detox. And number three. My daughter is having problems learning to read. Her teacher thinks she may be… A, disrespectful. B, dyslexic. C, dysfunctional. The answer is B, dyslexic.
And that's the end of the quiz. Well done if you got them right. Yes, well done. And now here's our top tip for learning vocabulary. When you see or hear a new word, see if you can break the word up. If it starts with a prefix that you recognise, it may help you to understand the meaning. There's more about this at bbclearningenglish.com. Join us again for more 6 Minute Vocabulary. Bye. Bye. 6 Minute Vocabulary.
From the BBC. Yoga is more than just exercise. It's the spiritual practice that millions swear by.
And in 2017, Miranda, a university tutor from London, joins a yoga school that promises profound transformation. It felt a really safe and welcoming space. After the yoga classes, I felt amazing. But soon, that calm, welcoming atmosphere leads to something far darker, a journey that leads to allegations of grooming, trafficking and exploitation across international borders.
I don't have my passport, I don't have my phone, I don't have my bank cards, I have nothing. The passport being taken, the being in a house and not feeling like they can leave...
You just get sucked in so gradually.
And it's done so skillfully that you don't realize. And it's like this, the secret that's there. I wanted to believe that, you know, that whatever they were doing, even if it seemed gross to me,
was for some spiritual reason that I couldn't yet understand. Revealing the hidden secrets of a global yoga network. I feel that I have no other choice. The only thing I can do is to speak about this and to put my reputation and everything else on the line. I want truth and justice.
And for other people to not be hurt, for things to be different in the future. To bring it into the light and almost alchemise some of that evil stuff that went on and take back the power. World of Secrets, Season 6, The Bad Guru. Listen wherever you get your podcasts.