（Level 3）-Day_59 Business Education
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在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.firm 公司 2.forecasts 预测 3.projected 规划 4.budgets 预算 5.evaluates 评估 6.allocation 分配 7.capital 资本 8.securities 安全 9.profitability 盈利能力 10.expenditures 支出 11.potential 潜在的，潜力 12.purchasing 购买 13.inventory 库存 14.manufacturing 制造 15.facilities location 设施选址 16.layout 安排 17.recuritment 招收 18.compensation 赔偿 19.integrated 集成的 20.enterprise 企业 原文 Business Education What is business？ A business includes all the activities involved to create and sell a product or service. The most important functional areas of business include：accounting，finance，marketing，production/operations，and human resources management. Accounting is a field business that records and reports the flow of funds through a firm on a historical basis and produces important financial statements such as balance sheets and income statements. It also produces forecasts of future conditions such as projected financial statements and financial budgets，and evaluates the firm's financial performance against the forecasts. The finance area of business supports a firm in decisions concerning the financing of the firm's business and the allocation and control of financial resource within the firm. Major activities of finance include cash and investment management，capital budgeting，financial forecasting，and financial planning. The cash and investment management activities forecast and manage the firm's cash position and short-term and other securities. The capital budgeting activity involves evaluating the profitability and risk of proposed capital expenditures. The financial planning process evaluates the present and projected financial performance of the firm and projects the firm's future financial needs. The marketing function of business is concerned with the planning，promotion，sale，and distribution of existing products or services in existing markets，and the development of new products and new services in order to better serve existing and potential customers with quality products and services. It is also responsible for customer relationship management，product planning，pricing，advertising，after-sale service，and market research and forecasting. The production/operation function focuses on the management of all activities concerned with the planning and control of the processes producing the goods or services. These activities include purchasing of raw material and parts，product design，inventory，manufacturing processes，facilities location，and layout，quality control，and such other logistics as distribution and transportation. The human resource management function involves the recruitment，placement，evaluate，compensation，and development of a firm's employees. With the main goal of the effective and efficient use of a firm's human capital，the human resources management function supports planning to meet the personal needs of the business，development of employees to their full potential，and control of all personnel policies and programs. While each of the aforementioned functional areas with a firm used to operate somewhat independently with its own objectives resources，information and other computer technologies have integrated all business functions with the firm and created something called“an Internet worked e-business enterprise”.