cover of episode The future of AI and democracy

The future of AI and democracy

2024/12/6
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The Future of Everything

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N
Nate Persily
R
Russ Altman
Topics
Russ Altman: 本期节目讨论了人工智能对民主的影响,包括深度伪造技术、社交媒体以及对真相的信任度下降。Altman 认为,政治家否认真实信息比深度伪造更危险,因为它会加剧不信任,从而对民主制度造成损害。他还探讨了人工智能在社交媒体中的作用,以及大型科技公司集中AI能力的风险。最后,Altman 提出了关于AI监管的疑问,并讨论了全球南方国家在AI发展中的作用和挑战。 Nate Persily: Persily 教授认为,人工智能会影响民主的方方面面,因为它增强了所有行为者(好的和坏的)实现其既定目标的能力。他指出,尽管最近的选举中出现了大量的深度伪造内容,但其影响有限。然而,政治家否认真实信息是更严重的问题,因为它会破坏人们对真相的信任。Persily 还讨论了社交媒体、AI垄断、开放模型的兴起以及AI监管的挑战。他认为,开放模型有助于解决数字鸿沟问题,但也存在风险,因为它们可能落入坏人之手。Persily 还谈到了AI对法律实践的影响,以及在法律研究中使用AI的风险。他认为,AI可以辅助律师完成一些任务,但不能完全取代人类律师。在AI监管方面,Persily 认为,政府可能缺乏足够的专业知识来有效监管AI,因此需要借鉴金融行业的监管模式,并利用第三方审核来确保AI公司的行为符合规范。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why is skepticism about information becoming more problematic in the context of AI and democracy?

Skepticism can lead to a retreat into echo chambers and a lack of shared authority among different groups, which undermines democratic dialogue. It also facilitates lying by making people skeptical of even true information.

What was the impact of deepfakes in recent elections?

Deepfakes were prevalent but had limited direct impact on voter behavior. However, they contributed to a broader problem of politicians disclaiming true information as fake, which eroded trust in legitimate information.

How does AI amplify the influence of social media on democracy?

AI turbocharges social media by enabling more sophisticated bots, propagating synthetic media, and influencing what users see. This can lead to anonymous communication, making it harder to discern between human and machine-generated content.

What are the risks of concentrated AI power among tech giants?

Concentrated AI power could lead to monopolistic control over speech and information, similar to concerns about social media monopolies. However, the rise of open models offers a potential counterbalance by allowing for greater competition and access.

What are the benefits and risks of open AI models?

Open models allow for greater competition and access, particularly in under-resourced nations, but they also pose risks such as misuse by bad actors, including the creation of harmful content like child pornography.

How is the European AI Act shaping global AI regulation?

The European AI Act is a first mover in AI regulation, focusing on high-risk applications like facial recognition and discrimination. However, it initially excluded generative AI, which has since forced a reevaluation of its scope.

What role does competition play in the global AI race?

Competition between nations and companies drives rapid AI development, but it also raises concerns about regulatory lag and the potential for authoritarian governments to dominate the AI space, which could be detrimental to democratic values.

How might AI impact legal practice in the future?

AI could assist in tasks like drafting legal documents and handling mass adjudication, particularly in areas with large backlogs of cases. However, human oversight will still be necessary to validate AI-generated decisions and prevent errors.

Chapters
AI is influencing all aspects of life, including democracy. It's enhancing the capabilities of both positive and negative actors, impacting elections and communications.
  • AI's impact on democracy is multifaceted and pervasive.
  • AI accentuates the abilities of both good and bad actors.
  • AI is influencing all aspects of life, including healthcare, finance, government, communications, journalism, and law.

Shownotes Transcript

Two-time guest Nate Persily) is a professor of law and policy who studies the intersection of artificial intelligence and democracy. AI is creeping into democracy, he says, and 2024 saw its share of deepfakes and synthetic media, but with surprisingly little impact. His bigger concern is the opposite – politicians claiming the truth to be fake. It breeds distrust and, for democracy, that’s more pernicious, Persily tells host Russ Altman) on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.

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Chapters:

(00:00:00) Introduction

Russ Altman introduces guest Nate Persily, a professor of law at Stanford University.

(00:02:49) How AI Impacts Democracy

AI's role in influencing elections and its implications for democratic systems.

(00:03:38) Deepfakes and the Election

The limited impact of deepfakes and emerging disinformation trends.

(00:04:37) Is Skepticism Beneficial?

The role of skepticism in navigating AI-driven disinformation.

(00:06:06) AI and Social Media

How AI powers social media and its implications for democratic dialogue.

(00:08:40) AI Monopoly and Democracy

Risks of concentrated AI power among tech giants.

(00:12:03) Risks of Open AI Models

Balancing innovation and misuse risks of open AI models.

(00:17:20) Regulating AI

Global efforts to regulate AI and lessons from the European AI Act.

(00:19:54) The Global AI Race

The international race to balance progress and safeguards with AI.

(00:23:35) Global South and AI

The digital divide and role of open models in under-resourced nations.

(00:25:05) AI in Legal Practice

Potential and challenges of AI in law, from drafting to adjudication.

(00:28:55) Conclusion

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