cover of episode 67. What Is Normal? How Culture Affects Communication Styles

67. What Is Normal? How Culture Affects Communication Styles

2022/9/13
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Think Fast, Talk Smart: Communication Techniques

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Michelle Gelfand
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Michelle Gelfand: 文化如同水,我们习以为常却难以察觉其影响。我的研究关注社会规范,以及人们遵守社会规范的严格程度。所有文化都有社会规范,但有些文化(紧密型文化)社会规范严格,另一些文化(松散型文化)行为许可度更高。紧密型文化和松散型文化都存在,并可应用于国家、组织和个人层面。紧密型文化更注重秩序,犯罪率低,社会同步性强,个人自律性高;松散型文化更注重开放性,包容性强,更有创意,更易适应变化。两者之间存在权衡,可以通过调整达到秩序和开放性的最大化。长期威胁是紧密型文化演变的重要因素,威胁越大,社会规范越严格。我开发了一种威胁词典来追踪威胁性语言的传播,研究表明威胁性语言具有传染性,并且在威胁时期,社会规范会变得更紧密。在公平、公正和包容方面,女性和少数族裔往往生活在更紧密的社会环境中,面临更严格的评价和惩罚。社会阶层也是影响文化紧密程度的重要因素,来自社会底层的人们往往生活在更紧密的文化环境中。成功的沟通需要了解你的听众,充满热情,并且谦逊。 Matt Abrahams: 作为访谈者,Matt Abrahams 主要负责引导话题,提出问题,并对 Michelle Gelfand 的观点进行总结和回应,推动访谈的进行。他并没有提出自己独特的观点,而是通过提问和引导,帮助 Michelle Gelfand 更清晰地阐述其研究成果和观点。

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Professor Michele Gelfand discusses the concepts of tight and loose cultures, explaining how they affect human behavior and social norms.

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Why do we drive on only one side of the road? Why don’t we sing in libraries? Why wear a swimsuit?

For Professor Michele Gelfand), it all comes down to culture. As a cross-cultural psychologist, Gelfand is fascinated by social environments and their effects on human behavior, particularly, how strictly people adhere to social norms.

In this episode of Think Fast, Talk Smart, Gelfand joins host and lecturer of strategic communications Matt Abrahams to explain why some cultures are “tight” and “have strict social norms,” while others are “loose,” with “more permissibility of behavior.”

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