cover of episode Uncharted: Teddy Roosevelt's Amazon Expedition | Lost Cities with Mike Heckenberger | 5

Uncharted: Teddy Roosevelt's Amazon Expedition | Lost Cities with Mike Heckenberger | 5

2023/2/7
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Cassie DePeckel
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Mike Heckenberger
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Cassie DePeckel: 本集回顾了罗斯福亚马逊探险队的艰辛历程,以及亚马逊地区长期以来对探险家、科学家和人类学家的吸引力。探险队面临疾病、激流、蛇虫等危险,以及当地部落的潜在威胁。亚马逊地区至今仍有许多未被外人探索的区域,而土著居民在此生活了数千年。 Mike Heckenberger: 自90年代初以来,我一直致力于亚马逊辛古河流域的考古研究,与克维库鲁部落合作,发掘古代城市遗址,并研究其历史文化。我的研究结合了考古发现和当地部落的口述历史,将历史追溯到2000多年前。我们发现,即使在欧洲殖民之前,亚马逊地区的土著居民也建立了复杂的社会结构和城市体系,其规模和组织程度远超以往的认知。这些古代城市并非孤立存在,而是通过道路和复杂的系统相互连接,形成一个区域性的网络。我们还发现,这些古代城市的设计和布局可能与应对气候变化有关,例如修建直线道路作为防火带。这些发现对我们理解古代文明以及应对现代气候变化具有重要意义。我们应该认识到土著居民在保护亚马逊森林方面的重要作用,并与他们合作,寻找可持续发展的方案。 Mike Heckenberger: 我分享了第一次到达辛古盆地克维库鲁部落的经历,以及对当地村庄的最初印象。辛古地区即使在20世纪90年代也相对与世隔绝。GPS技术在早期应用中存在局限性,但随着技术的进步,GPS和互联网等技术逐渐被当地部落所采用。近几十年来,辛古地区发生了巨大变化,当地部落开始与外界接触,并接受现代科技和生活方式。罗斯福对亚马逊土著的理解存在局限性,但他与巴西人蓬顿上校的合作体现了对土著人民的尊重。早期探险家对亚马逊土著文明的复杂性认识不足,他们没有充分认识到土著居民自身所创造的先进文明和社会组织形式。我们应该将土著居民视为平等的合作伙伴,倾听他们的声音,并尊重他们的文化和传统。

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Mike Heckenberger's interest in the Amazon was sparked by his work in New England archaeology and the rich diversity of living indigenous people in the Amazon.

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Searching for lost cities in the Amazon sounds like something out of a Hollywood script – unless you’re University of Florida anthropologist Mike Heckenberger. He’s been visiting the Amazon for three decades, working with local tribes and uncovering a network of ancient cities in the jungle. On this episode, Mike joins host Cassie De Pecol to discuss what it’s like to explore the region today, more than a century since Roosevelt’s expedition, and what we can learn from the indigenous people of the Amazon about preserving it.

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