cover of episode Episode #014 ... The Hellenistic Age Pt. 5 - A Race To The Dark Ages

Episode #014 ... The Hellenistic Age Pt. 5 - A Race To The Dark Ages

2014/1/18
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Stephen West
通过《哲学这件事》播客,深入探讨各种哲学主题,吸引广泛听众。
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本集探讨了希腊化时代末期到古典古代结束的这段时期,这段时期可以被看作一场通往黑暗时代的竞赛。在这个时期,政治和哲学格局发生了巨大变化,雅典的地位下降,其他城市如亚历山大和罗马成为新的文化中心。在此期间,四个主要的希腊化哲学学派(犬儒学派、斯多葛学派、怀疑论学派和伊壁鸠鲁学派)继续存在,但柏拉图和亚里士多德的思想在后期占据了主导地位。本集重点介绍了中柏拉图主义者,他们试图调和柏拉图的思想与当时新兴的一神教(犹太教和基督教)的思想。中柏拉图主义者,例如亚历山大港的菲隆,试图将柏拉图的理念论和创世论与《托拉》中的创世故事相调和,他认为摩西是哲学的鼻祖,柏拉图总结了摩西的智慧。另一个中柏拉图主义者普鲁塔克则试图调和柏拉图在不同著作中关于灵魂创造的矛盾观点,并阐述了友谊的本质,以及如何区分谄媚者和真正的朋友。本集还讨论了亚里士多德主义在这一时期的复兴,以及它对后期哲学发展的影响。总而言之,本集探讨了希腊化时代末期复杂的政治和哲学背景,以及柏拉图和亚里士多德思想的兴起,为新柏拉图主义的出现奠定了基础。

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Philo of Alexandria, a Middle Platonist, sought to reconcile Judaism with Plato's philosophy, viewing Moses as the ultimate philosopher and using the Torah as a philosophical text. He interpreted the creation story in Genesis to align with Plato's Timaeus, seeing the world of forms as existing within God's mind.

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On this episode of the podcast, we discuss Middle Platonism and the Race to the Dark Ages. We learn how Philo of Alexandria reconciled Judaism with Plato's vision of God as a master craftsman, and find out how this relates to building an IKEA bookcase. We also discuss the important distinction Plutarch made between a flatterer and a friend, and why he would have absolutely hated Facebook. All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This!

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