cover of episode 193. Empire of Numbers: The Indian Origin of Arabic Numerals

193. Empire of Numbers: The Indian Origin of Arabic Numerals

2024/10/9
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Empire

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Anita Anand
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William Dalrymple
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William Dalrymple: 我在本书中探讨了印度数学对西方的影响,特别是阿拉伯数字的起源。我们使用的现代数字系统并非起源于阿拉伯,而是起源于印度。这是一个世界性的重大贡献,但西方人对此却知之甚少。印度人对数学的贡献包括发展了十进制系统,以及将零作为数字而非仅仅作为占位符的概念。这些都是改变世界的重大发展,而这些发展都源于伟大的印度哲学思想。 从公元7世纪开始,印度的数学知识通过各种途径传播到阿拉伯世界,最终影响了西方。在笈多王朝时期,印度数学和天文学达到了顶峰,涌现出许多伟大的数学家和天文学家,例如阿耶波多和婆罗摩笈多。阿耶波多精确地测量了地球的周长,并计算出地球与月球之间的距离。婆罗摩笈多则认识到零是一个具有属性的数字,这在数学思想上是一个突破性的进展。 印度数学知识的传播与巴尔赫的巴马克家族密切相关。这个家族由于其佛教背景和对印度数学的了解,在巴格达的建立和知识传播中发挥了关键作用。他们将印度的数学著作带到巴格达,并促进了这些知识在阿拉伯世界的传播。最终,这些知识通过阿拉伯人的翻译和传播,影响了整个欧洲。 Anita Anand: 印度人发明的零的概念是革命性的,它将零视为一个具有属性的数字,而非仅仅是空缺。这使得我们可以用有限的符号表示无限的数字,这是数学思想上的一个巨大飞跃。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This section traces the spread of Indian mathematical knowledge across Asia, highlighting its influence on various cultures and regions. It connects this spread to other historical events and cultural exchanges.
  • Indian mathematics spread across Asia through trade and cultural exchange.
  • Buddhism's spread also facilitated the transmission of mathematical ideas.
  • India had a significant trading relationship with the Roman world.

Shownotes Transcript

Often called Arabic numerals, the modern number system we use today actually originates in India. Whilst in the west they were using Roman numerals, in India they were using numbers 1-9. Then, the great Brahmagupta in the 7th century made one of the most monumental developments in human history. He invented zero in its modern form. Therefore, these basic rules of mathematics for the first time allowed any number up to infinity to be expressed with just ten distinct symbols: the nine Indian numbers plus zero. Rules that are still taught in classrooms around the world today. This step was a major advance that had never previously been attempted elsewhere and it was this Indian reincarnation of zero as a number, rather than just as an absence, that transformed it and gave it its power. From India, this development then travelled along the Golden Road and into the heart of Barmakid Baghdad. 

Listen as William and Anita discuss the origins of the Empire of Numbers.

To buy William's book: https://coles-books.co.uk/the-golden-road-by-william-dalrymple-signed-edition

Twitter: @Empirepoduk

Email: [email protected]

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Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett

Producer: Callum Hill

Exec Producer: Neil Fearn

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