H
Hannah Goldfield
K
Kelefa Sanneh
主
主持人
专注于电动车和能源领域的播客主持人和内容创作者。
Hannah Goldfield：孩子的提问引发了对食人禁忌的思考，发现其解释并不充分。她认为，这种禁忌超越了简单的规则，是一种更深层次的厌恶感，即使是实验室培育的人肉，她也存在犹豫。她还指出，不同文化对食物的接受程度差异巨大，这表明厌恶感并非天生。
Kelefa Sanneh：他认为对食人肉的禁忌需要根据具体情况区分，例如生存性食人与仪式性食人。他认为，这种禁忌可能是一种应被尊重和遵守的道德直觉，但同时他也承认，这种禁忌可能包含迷信的成分。他认为，食人禁忌可能是一种跨文化普遍存在的现象，这暗示着它可能具有某种生物学基础。他探讨了在存在安全的人肉食用方式的情况下，这种禁忌的强度可能会降低，以及需要重新审视和制定相关的伦理规范。
主持人：主持人梳理了历史上的食人事件，例如哥伦布对加勒比土著的描述，以及欧洲人自身的食尸行为。他指出，现代对食人魔的刻板印象可能源于哥伦布的报告，而这种描述存在误解和夸大，其动机可能与殖民扩张有关。他还探讨了生存性食人行为的特殊性以及学术界对谋杀性食人行为的回避。他介绍了福雷人的库鲁病案例，说明食人行为可能导致疾病传播，并最终促使福雷人放弃了食人习俗。
Hannah Goldfield: Otto's question about cannibalism sparked my thinking about this taboo, and I found that the explanations for it are insufficient. I believe this taboo transcends simple rules; it's a deeper aversion. Even with lab-grown human meat, I hesitate. Different cultures have vastly different acceptance levels of food, showing that aversion isn't innate.
Kelefa Sanneh: The cannibalism taboo needs to be differentiated based on context, such as survival cannibalism versus ritual cannibalism. It might be a moral intuition that should be respected and followed, but it might also contain superstitious elements. The taboo might be a cross-cultural phenomenon, suggesting a biological basis. If safe human meat consumption were possible, the taboo's strength might decrease, and ethical guidelines would need revision.
Host: The host reviewed historical cannibalism, such as Columbus's account of the Caribs and Europeans' own consumption of corpses. Modern stereotypes of cannibals may stem from Columbus's reports, which were misleading and exaggerated, possibly motivated by colonial expansion. Survival cannibalism is unique, and academia avoids discussing murder-related cannibalism. The Fore people's Kuru disease case shows how cannibalism can spread disease, leading the Fore to abandon the practice.
Deep Dive
The episode begins with a discussion about the fundamental taboo of cannibalism, sparked by a four-year-old's question.
Shownotes Transcript