cover of episode Cruciferous Vegetables (Encore)

Cruciferous Vegetables (Encore)

2025/3/23
logo of podcast Everything Everywhere Daily

Everything Everywhere Daily

AI Deep Dive AI Chapters Transcript
People
主播
以丰富的内容和互动方式帮助学习者提高中文能力的播客主播。
Topics
@主播 :我将讨论十字花科蔬菜的起源和人工培育。我们日常食用的许多蔬菜,例如西兰花、卷心菜、花椰菜等,并非自然存在,而是人类长期选择性培育的结果。早期的史前人类并没有食用这些蔬菜,因为它们是人类创造的。 十字花科蔬菜是一个包含多种不同植物的大类,包括羽衣甘蓝、芥蓝、球茎甘蓝等等。它们都属于十字花科植物,其名称来源于植物的十字形叶子排列。 所有这些蔬菜都源自同一个物种:甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)。这种植物野生分布于欧洲南部和西部,是一种耐盐的二年生植物。在第一年,它储存营养和水分在大型叶片中;在第二年,它会产生高大的花穗。 然而,我们今天食用的西兰花、卷心菜、花椰菜等蔬菜并非自然存在,而是人类长期选择性培育的结果。人类数千年前就开始种植甘蓝,并通过选择性育种,培育出各种不同的品种。 卷心菜可能是最早被人类培育的十字花科蔬菜之一,大约在公元前1000年左右,很可能由居住在西欧的凯尔特人培育。古希腊人和罗马人很重视卷心菜的营养价值和烹饪用途,罗马人甚至培育出多种卷心菜品种。 除了卷心菜和羽衣甘蓝外,还有其他十字花科蔬菜也被人类培育出来,例如球茎甘蓝(kohlrabi)在16世纪就已出现。花椰菜和西兰花的起源尚不清楚,但它们很可能也源自罗马的甘蓝品种。西兰花在18世纪才传到意大利以外的地区。 除了甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)外,还有其他物种被培育出多种十字花科蔬菜,例如辣根、萝卜、芜菁等,它们源自其他物种,例如芸薹(Brassica rapa)和黑芥(Brassica nigra)。 “优氏三角”模型可以解释十字花科蔬菜的多样性及其遗传关系。该模型以三种祖先物种及其杂交后代为基础,解释了不同品种的起源和演变。 十字花科蔬菜的培育仍在继续,不断有新的品种被培育出来,例如西兰花和芥蓝的杂交品种——西兰花苗(broccolini)。现代育种技术提高了十字花科蔬菜的产量、抗性和营养价值。 并非所有绿叶蔬菜都是十字花科蔬菜,例如莴苣和菠菜。总而言之,人类数千年的选择性育种使得原本少数几种植物演变成今天种类繁多的十字花科蔬菜,这体现了人类在植物育种方面的巨大成就。

Deep Dive

Chapters
Cruciferous vegetables are a surprisingly modern invention. Early humans didn't eat broccoli or cabbage because these plants were created through human cultivation of Brassica oleracea, a wild European plant. This episode explores the origins and evolution of these vegetables.
  • Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage are not naturally occurring, but rather the result of human cultivation and selective breeding.
  • Brassica oleracea is the ancestor of many common cruciferous vegetables.
  • Humans began cultivating Brassica oleracea thousands of years ago, leading to the development of various vegetables we know today.

Shownotes Transcript

One of the most common food items consumed today are cruciferous vegetables. Even if you aren’t familiar with the term, you almost certainly have consumed some before, and there is a good chance you do so on a regular basis. 

What many people don’t know is that these vegetables are actually rather modern. 

Early neolithic humans never ate broccoli, cabbage, or Brussels sprouts because humans invented these foods. 

Learn more about cruciferous vegetables and where they came from on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily.

Sponsors

Subscribe to the podcast! 

https://everything-everywhere.com/everything-everywhere-daily-podcast/

--------------------------------

Executive Producer: Charles Daniel

Associate Producers: Austin Oetken & Cameron Kieffer

Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere

Update your podcast app at newpodcastapps.com

Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/

Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/everythingeverywheredaily

Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip

Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/ 

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices