cover of episode 147: Peacemaking in Paris: The Treaty of Versailles

147: Peacemaking in Paris: The Treaty of Versailles

2023/11/20
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Greg Jackson: 本集讲述了1919年巴黎和会以及凡尔赛条约签订的始末,详细描述了和会期间主要参与国之间的博弈、冲突和妥协,以及条约对德国和中东地区的影响。重点介绍了威尔逊总统的十四点原则、国联的建立,以及条约中关于赔款、领土划分和战争责任等关键条款。同时,也探讨了条约的长期影响和争议。 威尔逊:坚持十四点原则,特别是国联的建立,但在与克莱蒙梭等人的博弈中做出了妥协。 克莱蒙梭: 优先考虑法国的安全和利益,主张严惩德国,并获得巨额赔款。与威尔逊的理想主义观点存在严重分歧。 劳合·乔治:在威尔逊和克莱蒙梭之间斡旋,试图在理想主义和现实主义之间取得平衡。 费萨尔亲王:为阿拉伯独立王国奔走,但最终未能实现其目标。

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“A Peace which cannot be defended in the name of justice before the whole world would continually call forth fresh resistance”

This is the story of peacemaking in 1919–a fraught peacemaking.

With the Armistice signed, some 30 nations (led by the major Allied Powers) are gathering in Paris, France, to deliberate on the terms they’ll give to Germany. But the conference is beset with conflicting views. Not only do these various nations and other unofficial representatives have conflicting views, but the three most powerful Allies–France, the UK, and the US, a.ka., The Big Three–aren't always on the same page. That’s especially true of the American President Woodrow Wilson, who’s pushing hard for his 14 points, particularly, for the creation of his League of Nations; he’s clashing with France’s Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau who’s far more interested in ensuring France’s security against German aggression than any idealistic (or as he sees it, unrealistic) notions of a world at perpetual peace.

Filled with shouting matches, disagreements, and voices from across the globe, this Conference will create a League of Nations. It will also redraw some of the map of Europe, lay the foundation for a new map of the Middle East, and lay severe penalties on Germany's shoulders. They’re trying their best–but are they creating a better world? Or laying the seeds of future conflicts? And will the US Senate approve this Treaty of Versailles? We shall see.


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