cover of episode Driverless Dilemma

Driverless Dilemma

2023/9/15
logo of podcast Radiolab

Radiolab

AI Deep Dive AI Chapters Transcript
People
J
Josh Green
N
Nick Bilton
R
Raj Rajkumar
Topics
Nick Bilton:自动化和人工智能技术,特别是无人驾驶汽车的普及,将对社会产生深远的影响,导致大量工作岗位消失,并改变许多相关产业的运作模式。他预测未来数百万个工作岗位将消失,并详细阐述了无人驾驶汽车对保险、停车、休息站等行业的影响,以及汽车概念本身的转变。他认为无人驾驶汽车的出现将同时带来多个方面的变革,其影响将是巨大的且全面的。 Jad Abumrad & Robert Krulwich:电车难题实验揭示了人类道德判断中的不一致性。即使在结果相同的不同情境下,人们的道德选择也会发生变化。这种不一致性源于人脑中多个子系统的竞争,理性计算与本能反应之间存在冲突。他们通过对电车难题的分析,引出了关于人类道德判断的生物学基础和文化学习因素的讨论。 Josh Green:人脑并非一个统一的系统,而是由多个相互竞争的子系统组成。道德判断是这些子系统竞争的结果,理性计算和本能反应是其中两个重要的因素。他通过fMRI实验,展示了不同道德选择时大脑不同区域的激活模式,支持了他关于人脑中存在多个道德子系统的理论。他还探讨了不同文化背景和个人特质对道德判断的影响。 Christoph von Hugo:在无人驾驶汽车的道德困境中,他最初的观点是优先保护车内乘客。这一观点引发了广泛争议,凸显了无人驾驶汽车道德决策中潜在的偏见和社会公平问题。 Raj Rajkumar:无人驾驶汽车的传感器技术不断发展,未来可能能够识别个体特征,从而使道德决策更加复杂。他强调无人驾驶汽车的道德决策不应由程序员个人决定,而应由社会整体来决定,并呼吁进行行业间的合作和伦理讨论。 Jad Abumrad & Robert Krulwich:无人驾驶汽车虽然能大幅减少交通事故,但也带来了一种“预谋死亡”的伦理问题。这种预先设定的决策机制与传统事故的随机性不同,引发了人们对社会公平与伦理的担忧。他们认为,在无人驾驶汽车的道德决策中,需要平衡个体利益与整体利益,并呼吁社会进行广泛的伦理讨论和规范制定。

Deep Dive

Chapters

Shownotes Transcript

Most of us would sacrifice one person to save five. It’s a pretty straightforward bit of moral math. But if we have to actually kill that person ourselves, the math gets fuzzy.

That’s the lesson of the classic Trolley Problem, a moral puzzle that fried our brains in an episode we did almost 20 years ago, then updated again in 2017. Historically, the questions posed by The Trolley Problem are great for thought experimentation and conversations at a certain kind of cocktail party. Now, new technologies are forcing that moral quandary out of our philosophy departments and onto our streets.

So today, we revisit the Trolley Problem and wonder how a two-ton hunk of speeding metal will make moral calculations about life and death that still baffle its creators.

Special thanks to Iyad Rahwan, Edmond Awad and Sydney Levine from the Moral Machine group at MIT. Also thanks to Fiery Cushman, Matthew DeBord, Sertac Karaman, Martine Powers, Xin Xiang, and Roborace for all of their help. Thanks to the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism students who collected the vox: Chelsea Donohue, Ivan Flores, David Gentile, Maite Hernandez, Claudia Irizarry-Aponte, Comice Johnson, Richard Loria, Nivian Malik, Avery Miles, Alexandra Semenova, Kalah Siegel, Mark Suleymanov, Andee Tagle, Shaydanay Urbani, Isvett Verde and Reece Williams.

EPISODE CREDITS 

Reported and produced by - Amanda Aronczyk and Bethel HabteOur newsletter comes out every Wednesday. It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up) (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)!

Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab) (https://members.radiolab.org/) today.

*Follow our show on Instagram), Twitter) and Facebook) @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing *[email protected])

)Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation Initiative, and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.