cover of episode What's Hidden in Your Words

What's Hidden in Your Words

2024/10/7
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Hidden Brain

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James Pennebaker
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Shankar Vedanta
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Shankar Vedanta:本期节目探讨了语言学家James Pennebaker的研究,他发现通过分析言语中的模式,特别是功能词的使用频率,可以深入了解人们的心理状态、人际关系以及行为模式。他的研究涵盖了多个领域,包括犯罪调查、心理健康评估、人际关系预测以及学业成功预测等。 James Pennebaker:通过多年的研究,我发现语言中看似不起眼的词语,例如代词、介词、助动词等功能词,实际上蕴含着丰富的意义。这些功能词可以反映人们的思维方式、情绪状态、社会交往模式以及自我认知等。例如,焦虑的人会更多地使用“我”相关的词语,而抑郁的人则会使用更多负面情绪相关的词语。在人际关系中,语言风格的匹配程度可以预测关系的持续时间。在犯罪调查中,语言分析可以帮助识别说谎行为。此外,通过分析大学入学申请论文中的语言特征,可以预测学生的学业成功率。 James Pennebaker: 我开发的计算机程序可以分析文本,将文本分解成词语选择、词性以及含义等方面。通过分析这些数据,我们可以发现一些令人惊讶的结论,例如男女在语言使用上的差异,睾酮素对语言使用习惯的影响,以及功能词在揭示人们心理状态方面的作用。在Kathleen Folbig案中,我通过分析她的日记,发现她的语言没有显示出明显的愤怒、敌意或欺骗迹象,这为她的无罪释放提供了重要的证据。

Deep Dive

Chapters
Psychologist James Pennebaker reveals how closely examining speech and writing patterns can uncover hidden truths about ourselves and others. This episode explores the connection between language and the mind, delving into how word choices reflect our inner states.
  • Analysis of function words like pronouns, prepositions, and conjunctions can reveal hidden psychological states.
  • Men and women use language differently, reflecting different ways of perceiving the world.
  • Testosterone affects language use, decreasing interest in other human beings.

Shownotes Transcript

I. Me. My. You. He. She. They. It. To. Of. For. These are all words we use without a second thought. But psychologist James Pennebaker) says if we pay close attention to the patterns in speech and writing, we can understand profound things about others, and even ourselves.

For more on the relationship between language and our minds, check out this classic Hidden Brain episode: https://hiddenbrain.org/podcast/watch-your-mouth/