cover of episode The Carriage Tax (Update)

The Carriage Tax (Update)

2024/6/26
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Beverly Moran
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Craig
目前没有足够的信息来描述Craig的详细简介。
E
Elizabeth Warren
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Greg Rosalsky
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Lindsay Chervinsky
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Lindsay Trevinsky
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旁白
知名游戏《文明VII》的开场动画预告片旁白。
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旁白：财富税是对个人拥有的资产进行征税，而非对收入征税。其合法性长期以来一直存在争议，Moore夫妇的案件涉及对未实现收益的征税，引发了关于政府是否可以对资产增值进行征税的争议。最高法院的裁决很狭隘，没有解决政府征税范围的更广泛问题，关于政府征税范围的更广泛法律问题仍然存在。 Craig：1794年，华盛顿政府对马车征税，这可以被视为美国第一个联邦财富税，引发了关于宪法赋予的征税权的大辩论。马车税对不同类型的马车征收不同的税率。富人反对马车税，杰斐逊共和党人利用宪法中关于直接税的条款来反对它。麦迪逊利用宪法中关于直接税的条款来反对马车税。 Lindsay Trevinsky：华盛顿拥有华丽的马车，这象征着他的财富，而对马车的征税是政府筹集资金的一种方式。 Brian Urstadt & Greg Rosalsky：宪法规定，众议员和直接税应按各州人口比例分配。宪法中关于直接税的条款规定，联邦政府征收的直接税必须按各州人口比例分配。直接税是对财产的税收，而不是对交易的税收。最高法院维持了马车税，认为宪法中关于直接税的条款不适用于此案。最高法院认为宪法中关于直接税的条款只适用于对土地和奴隶的征税。 Beverly Moran：宪法中关于直接税的条款是为了保护奴隶制而制定的。宪法中关于直接税的条款是为了保护南方经济，特别是奴隶制。财富税的支持者认为，宪法中关于直接税的条款不应适用于财富税。为了确保财富税的合宪性，可以修改宪法。 Elizabeth Warren：需要财富税来解决不平等问题并为下一代投资。

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(Note: A version of this episode originally ran in 2019).)In 1794, George Washington decided to raise money for the federal government by taxing the rich. He did it by putting a tax on horse-drawn carriages.The carriage tax could be considered the first federal wealth tax of the United States. It led to a huge fight over the power to tax in the U.S. Constitution, a fight that continues today.Listen back to our 2019 episode: "Could A Wealth Tax Work?")Listen to The Indicator's 2023 episode: "Could SCOTUS outlaw wealth taxes?") *This episode was hosted by Greg Rosalsky and Bryant Urstadt. It was originally produced by Nick Fountain and Liza Yeager, with help from Sarah Gonzalez. Today's update was produced by Willa Rubin and edited by Molly Messick and our executive producer, Alex Goldmark.Help support Planet Money and hear our bonus episodes by subscribing to Planet Money+ in Apple Podcasts) or at plus.npr.org/planetmoney).*Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices)NPR Privacy Policy)