cover of episode Summer School 1: An Economic History of the World

Summer School 1: An Economic History of the World

2024/7/10
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Anne Murphy
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Rebecca Spang
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Robert Smith
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Scott Fitzpatrick
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Rebecca Spang 认为历史并非简单的路线图，不能照搬过去经验解决当前问题，但研究历史可以帮助我们理解事物变化的原因，以及人们行为对世界的影响，从而增强我们改变现状的能力。她还强调了货币的价值并非取决于其发行来源，而是取决于人们对其接受程度。 David Kestenbaum 和 Jacob Goldstein 通过雅浦岛巨石货币的故事，阐述了货币的起源并非单一事件，而是多次在不同时间、地点和原因下产生的。他们分析了经济学家对货币的三个定义：价值储存、记账单位和交换媒介，并指出雅浦岛巨石货币体现了社会对价值储存的需求，以及将稀有物品转化为货币的过程。他们还强调了货币的抽象性，即货币所有权的转移并不一定伴随着实物移动。 Anne Murphy 和 Jacob Goldstein, Mary Childs讲述了约翰·劳的故事，他通过建立银行和密西西比公司，试图改革法国的经济体系，并创造了现代金融体系的雏形。他们分析了约翰·劳的成功和失败，以及他的金融体系最终崩溃的原因。他们指出，现代金融体系与约翰·劳的体系有很多相似之处，但现代体系建立在人们对现有制度的熟悉和信任之上，而约翰·劳的体系因其新颖性而遭到质疑。 Scott Fitzpatrick 补充了关于雅浦岛巨石货币交易中，货币本身通常并不实际转移，其价值更多体现在抽象的社会共识上的细节。

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Planet Money Summer School is back for eight weeks. Join as we travel back in time to find the origins of our economic way of life. Today we ask surprisingly hard question: What is money? And where did it come from? We travel to a remote island in the Pacific Ocean for the answer. Then we'll visit France in the year 1714, where a man on the lam tries to revolutionize the country's entire monetary system, and comes impressively close to the modern economy we have today, before it all falls apart. Check out our Summer School video cheat sheet on the origins of money at the Planet Money TikTok).*The series is hosted by Robert Smith and produced by Audrey Dilling. Our project manager is Devin Mellor. This episode was edited by Planet Money Executive Producer Alex Goldmark and fact-checked by Sofia Shchukina. Help support Planet Money and hear our bonus episodes by subscribing to Planet Money+ in Apple Podcasts) or at plus.npr.org/planetmoney).*Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices)NPR Privacy Policy)