cover of episode How to be better at hybrid work, according to research

How to be better at hybrid work, according to research

2023/12/19
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Jose Maria Barrero
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Jose Maria Barrero: 疫情后,我更加珍惜在家工作的时光,因为它更适合我进行安静的个人工作。在校园里,我只有在参加研讨会、与同事交流或与学生见面时才会去。 衡量许多在家办公人员的生产力非常困难,这导致了关于在家办公好坏的巨大争议。很多可以远程办公的工作,例如咨询、律师和工程师等,其生产力的衡量非常困难。 我们掌握的许多关于在家办公生产力的证据都来自完全远程办公的案例,结果并不乐观。其中一个关键发现是,沟通障碍是降低生产力的主要原因。例如,一项针对呼叫中心员工的研究发现,与那些在疫情前就在家工作的员工相比,那些被迫在家工作的员工的生产力有所下降。这主要是因为当需要快速反馈时,远程沟通更加困难,这会减缓工作进度。 即使对于那些相对容易远程完成的工作,完全远程办公也会产生沟通摩擦。例如,需要快速澄清问题时,远程沟通需要花费更多时间,例如安排Microsoft Teams会议,检查麦克风是否正常工作等,这比直接与同事当面交流要低效得多。 除了沟通障碍外,协作和创意生成也会受到影响。一项研究发现,虚拟互动会对创意过程产生认知障碍,导致生成的创意数量和质量下降。这可能是因为在虚拟互动中,人们的注意力集中在屏幕上,限制了认知过程。 完全远程办公的生产力下降幅度可能高达10%。但是,企业可以通过节省办公空间等成本弥补部分损失。对于那些需要大量互动的工作,完全远程办公可能并不适用。 混合办公是目前发达经济体中主要的远程办公形式,因为它在生产力方面没有明显的损失,并且员工更喜欢这种模式。一项针对中国一家公司的知识工作者的实验表明,混合办公模式对生产力没有明显的影响,并且员工更喜欢这种模式,因为它可以兼顾在家工作的舒适性和在办公室进行面对面互动的便利性。 混合办公模式对公司生产力影响可能不大,但对员工满意度和招聘有积极影响。员工更喜欢在家工作,而提供混合办公模式可以帮助公司吸引人才。 公司需要认真设计和管理混合办公模式,例如安排团队同时到办公室,以促进面对面互动。如果公司允许员工随意选择每天来办公室的时间,可能会导致缺乏协调,员工在办公室却通过Zoom与其他同事开会,这与混合办公的初衷相悖。 疫情打破了传统的工作模式,人们对远程办公的看法发生了改变。疫情虽然是一场悲剧,但也让人们更好地了解了远程办公的利弊。

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Research on remote work productivity is mixed. Early studies suggested similar or even higher productivity for fully remote workers, but newer evidence shows a potential negative impact, primarily due to communication challenges and collaboration difficulties in fully remote settings. Hybrid work models seem to offer a better balance.
  • Negative productivity effect observed in fully remote work due to communication friction
  • Difficulties in quick feedback and collaboration in fully remote settings
  • More hours needed to complete tasks remotely due to increased communication efforts via email and virtual meetings

Shownotes Transcript

The research keeps coming in on remote work. New evidence suggests working from home, at least full-time, may not be as productive as we once thought. Economist Jose Maria Barrero and his co-authors have reviewed this and other studies for a recent paper. In this episode, we hear about the challenges that come with working fully remote and some best practices for hybrid work. This episode was first published as a bonus episode for our Planet Money+ listeners. Today, we're making it available for everyone! To hear more episodes like this, and to hear Planet Money and The Indicator without sponsor messages, support the show by signing up for Planet Money+ in Apple Podcasts) or at plus.npr.org/planetmoney).Learn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices)NPR Privacy Policy)