cover of episode 502. Angry and Red: Color as Emotion | Mark Changizi

502. Angry and Red: Color as Emotion | Mark Changizi

2024/11/28
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Jordan Peterson 探讨了颜色视觉进化的传统理论(寻找水果)及其局限性,并引出了Mark Changizi关于颜色视觉进化的新理论。该理论认为,人类的三色视觉并非仅仅是为了识别成熟的水果,而是为了更好地感知他人面部皮肤下的血液变化,从而更好地识别情绪和健康状况。 Peterson 进一步探讨了该理论的证据,包括血红蛋白的光谱特性、色盲患者在情绪识别方面的潜在缺陷以及皮肤裸露程度与颜色视觉之间的关系。他还提出了关于青春光泽、女性生育能力信号以及不同情绪下皮肤颜色变化的观点。 Changizi 详细解释了其理论,强调了血红蛋白氧合和脱氧状态在皮肤颜色变化中的作用,以及这种变化如何帮助我们感知他人的情绪和健康状况。他指出,色盲患者难以识别这些细微的皮肤颜色变化,这支持了他的理论。他还讨论了脸红、脸色苍白等情绪信号的意义以及它们作为诚实信号的作用。 此外,Changizi 还探讨了裸露皮肤在灵长类动物中的分布以及其与颜色视觉之间的关系,并解释了为什么灵长类动物的三色视觉的两种颜色光谱如此接近。他认为,这与感知皮肤下的血液变化有关,这有助于我们识别情绪和健康状况。 Mark Changizi 详细阐述了其关于颜色视觉进化的新理论,并回应了Jordan Peterson提出的问题和观点。他解释了为什么传统理论无法解释灵长类动物三色视觉中两种颜色光谱过于接近的问题,并提出了血红蛋白氧合和脱氧状态在皮肤颜色变化中的作用。 Changizi 进一步解释了色盲患者在识别与血液状态相关的诊断症状方面的困难,以及这如何支持他的理论。他还讨论了脸红、微笑和大笑等情绪信号的意义以及它们作为诚实信号的作用,并解释了为什么拥有三色视觉的灵长类动物通常具有裸露的皮肤区域。 Changizi 还探讨了皮肤颜色变化的多样性以及其与血液浓度和氧合度的关系,并解释了为什么画家在绘画人像时会使用各种色调。他强调,我们通常没有意识到皮肤颜色变化的动态性,但我们一直在解读这些信息。 此外,Changizi 还回应了关于三色视觉进化理论与水果采摘理论之间的关系的问题,并解释了为什么一个属性可能有多种功能。他认为,虽然水果采摘可能也是颜色视觉的一个功能,但它无法解释灵长类动物三色视觉中两种颜色光谱过于接近的原因。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why did humans evolve to have color vision?

Humans evolved color vision to better detect emotional signals displayed through changes in skin color, such as blushes and flushes, which are related to blood oxygenation levels under the skin.

How does color vision aid in emotional perception?

Color vision allows humans to perceive subtle changes in skin tone that signal emotions and health status, such as blushes indicating embarrassment or health modulations showing overall well-being.

Why are forward-facing eyes advantageous for humans?

Forward-facing eyes enhance the ability to see through clutter, which is particularly useful in forested environments where visibility is obstructed by leaves and branches.

What is the role of emotions in the evolution of language?

Emotions serve as the foundational axioms for language, providing a shared psychophysiological platform that allows humans to use words to refer to common experiences and negotiate social interactions.

How does online anonymity affect social interactions?

Online anonymity can facilitate more impulsive and psychopathic behavior due to the lack of immediate reputational consequences, potentially polarizing discussions and amplifying extreme viewpoints.

What is the 'harnessing' theory of cultural evolution?

The harnessing theory posits that cultural evolution has shaped elements like writing, language, and music to fit human perceptual and cognitive systems, making these abilities seem instinctual when they are actually cultural products.

How does music relate to human movement?

Music evolved to sound like human movement, with elements such as beats mimicking footsteps and tempo changes reflecting the speed of movement, making it inherently danceable and socially uniting.

Why is reputation important in social interactions?

Reputation is crucial for maintaining social order and trust, as it ensures that individuals act in ways that are consistent with their past behavior, facilitating cooperative and competitive interactions without constant conflict.

How do social narratives function in human communities?

Social narratives act as a decentralized currency, similar to a blockchain, recording interactions and reputational exchanges to maintain a stable and trustworthy social environment over time.

What is the significance of stable pseudonyms in online interactions?

Stable pseudonyms create continuity and allow for the accrual of reputation, making them subject to the same regulating forces as genuine identities and promoting more responsible and thoughtful online behavior.

Shownotes Transcript

Jordan Peterson sits down with theorist and researcher Mark Changizi. They discuss the biological reasons for mass hysteria on the societal level, why we evolved to have color vision, and how we understand and interpret the patterns of the natural world.

 

Mark Changizi is a theorist aiming to grasp the ultimate foundations underlying why we think, feel, and see as we do. He attended the University of Virginia for a degree in physics and mathematics, and to the University of Maryland for a PhD in math. In 2002, he won a prestigious Sloan-Swartz Fellowship in Theoretical Neurobiology at Caltech, and in 2007, he became an assistant professor in the Department of Cognitive Science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. In 2010, he took the post of Director of Human Cognition at a new research institute called 2ai Labs and also co-founded VINO Optics, which builds proprietary vein-enhancing glasses for medical personnel. He consults out of his Human Factory Lab.

 

He curated an exhibition and co-authored a (fourth) book — “On the Origin of Art” (2016) by Steven Pinker, Geoffrey Miller, Brian Boyd, and Mark Changizi — at MONA museum in Tasmania in 2016, illustrating his “nature-harnessing” theory on the origins of art and language.

 

This episode was filmed on November 22, 2024

 

 

| Links |

 

For Mark Changizi:

 

On X https://x.com/MarkChangizi/highlights

 

On YouTube https://www.youtube.com/c/markchangizi

 

Website https://www.changizi.com/?_sm_nck=1