cover of episode Lab Notes: Are we on the brink of another pandemic?

Lab Notes: Are we on the brink of another pandemic?

2025/2/25
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#science#biotechnology and neuroscience#future of humanity#social issues People
播音员
主持著名true crime播客《Crime Junkie》的播音员和创始人。
Topics
@播音员 :美国正在经历一场严重的禽流感疫情,已造成一人死亡,确诊病例超过70例,实际感染人数可能更高。美国政府削减卫生机构预算,同时禽流感疫情加剧,这引发了对另一场大流行的担忧。 @Raina McIntyre教授 :自2020年以来,H5N1禽流感病毒感染范围空前扩大,感染的野生鸟类物种数量也比历史上任何时候都多,并且开始感染哺乳动物和其他动物。H5N1禽流感疫情持续不断,且已从亚洲蔓延至美洲和欧洲。H5N1禽流感病毒已感染美国近1000个奶牛场,挤奶过程可能加速了病毒传播。人类感染禽流感主要是因为与受感染的农场动物密切接触。禽流感病毒不易在人际间传播,因为人类呼吸道中缺乏鸟类特有的受体。但病毒基因突变可能改变这种情况。人类流感和禽流感病毒可能在猪体内发生基因重组,产生新的具有大流行潜力的病毒。我们担心禽流感病毒会发生变异,更容易感染人类呼吸道。目前在澳大利亚发现的禽流感病毒是H7N8,与美国发现的H5N1不同。禽流感和新冠病毒都属于呼吸道病毒,都具有大流行的潜力。美国H5N1禽流感病例的致死率目前低于预期,但仍存在严重病例。某些H5N1病毒变种会侵犯大脑,可能导致神经系统症状。目前存在针对禽流感的预制疫苗,一些国家已开始为高危人群接种。尽管存在潜在疫苗,但应对禽流感大流行的准备不足。澳大利亚具备快速生产mRNA疫苗的能力,但公众对疫苗的抵制情绪可能会成为一个障碍。美国政府的行为可能会削弱全球应对疫情的能力。澳大利亚需要加强自身生物安全能力,以应对未来的疫情。美国禽流感病毒与人类流感病毒混合的可能性很高,因为病毒存在于食物链中。接种季节性流感疫苗可以降低感染禽流感的风险。

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Avian influenza, specifically the H5N1 strain, is spreading rapidly in the US, infecting wildlife, livestock, and humans. The situation is concerning due to the potential for the virus to mutate and become easily transmissible between humans, leading to a pandemic. The virus's presence in dairy farms and the potential for genetic mixing in pigs are highlighted as major risk factors.
  • H5N1 avian influenza is rapidly spreading in the US, infecting wildlife, livestock, and humans.
  • One person has died, and around 70 human infections have been confirmed.
  • The virus has spread to dairy farms, posing a significant risk.
  • There is concern about the potential for genetic exchange between human and avian influenza viruses in pigs, creating a pandemic virus.

Shownotes Transcript

The H5N1 strain of avian influenza is currently ripping through the US, infecting wild animals, livestock and people. One person has died, and around 70 more infections have been confirmed.

Meanwhile, the Trump administration has made massive cuts to the nation's leading science and health agencies, and announced plans to withdraw from the World Health Organization.

As the risk of another pandemic rises, what does all this mean for us in Australia?