Somaliland has been de facto independent for over 30 years but has not yet been recognized as an independent state by any UN member state.
Somaliland's location south of the Red Sea and along the Gulf of Aden makes it strategically important for ensuring safe passage of commercial traffic, which is currently disrupted by the Houthis in Yemen. It also improves US-Ethiopia relations and provides a way to push back against regional threats.
Trump's potential recognition of Somaliland could be a strategic move to counter the Biden administration's policies, a response to lobbying efforts by Gavin Williamson and the UAE, and a strategic play due to Somaliland's geopolitical importance.
Recognizing Somaliland could encourage other secessionist movements within Somalia, such as Puntland, potentially destabilizing an already unstable region. It might also be better to involve regional groups like the African Union in the process.
Somaliland was originally part of British Somaliland, which gained independence in 1960 but united with Italian Somaliland to form the Somali Republic. Somaliland declared independence again in 1991 after the overthrow of Somali dictator Siad Barre.
Somaliland has been de facto independent since 1991, holding multiple peaceful elections and maintaining its own government, currency, passports, and police force. In 2017, Freedom House ranked Somaliland as the only free country in East Africa.
Somaliland has been indirectly recognized by countries like South Africa, which accepts Somaliland passports, and the UAE, which set up a military presence in the country in 2017. Ethiopia also signed a port deal with Somaliland.
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In this video, we’re going to take an abridged look at the history of Somaliland; why Trump wants to recognise it; and whether it’s actually a good idea.
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