cover of episode Bans on social media and phones - what is the evidence?

Bans on social media and phones - what is the evidence?

2024/12/5
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What in the World

People
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Acer
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Aline
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Hannah Gelbart
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Hayley Clarke
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Rufy Akubi
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Sonia
Topics
Hannah Gelbart谈论了智能手机成瘾的普遍性和个人体验,引发了关于在学校和社交媒体平台上实施手机禁令的讨论。Hayley Clarke介绍了世界各国(包括法国、英国、美国和澳大利亚)对手机和社交媒体禁令的不同方法和尝试,并概述了这些措施背后的理由和挑战。Hannah Ritchie对澳大利亚政府计划实施的针对16岁以下儿童的社交媒体禁令进行了详细说明,包括政府的声明、科技公司的回应以及专家的批评。Jonathan Haidt的观点强调了2010年至2015年间智能手机普及对儿童和青少年心理健康的影响,认为这与经济因素和气候变化无关。Pete Etchells则表达了不同的观点,他认为缺乏足够的研究数据来支持全面禁止青少年使用手机和社交媒体,并建议采取更有效的方法来培养青少年健康使用数字技术的习惯。Sonia、Acer、Aline和Rufy Akubi分别代表了不同年龄段和观点的青少年,分享了他们对手机禁令的看法和感受,反映了青少年群体对这一问题的复杂态度。 Hayley Clarke详细介绍了世界各国对手机和社交媒体禁令的不同方法和尝试,包括法国的数字暂停试验、英国考虑立法禁止16岁以下儿童使用社交媒体以及佛罗里达州禁止14岁以下儿童使用社交媒体的立法。她还讨论了科技公司对这些禁令的回应,以及这些公司为限制青少年用户的使用时间和接触有害内容所做的努力。此外,Hayley Clarke还探讨了关于智能手机对大脑和心理健康影响的科学证据,指出科学界存在争议,一些科学家认为有证据表明智能手机对青少年的心理健康有害,而另一些科学家则认为缺乏可靠的数据支持这一结论。她还提到了挪威的一项长期研究,该研究表明学校禁止使用智能手机可以减少欺凌行为,改善青少年的心理健康状况,尤其是有利于来自低社会经济背景的女孩,但该研究也显示,不同严格程度的禁令效果有所差异。 Hannah Ritchie详细介绍了澳大利亚政府计划实施的针对16岁以下儿童的社交媒体禁令,包括政府的声明、科技公司的回应以及专家的批评。她指出,该禁令的执行和实施细节仍有待确定,并且专家们对该禁令的有效性和证据基础提出了质疑。科技公司对该禁令表示担忧,认为这可能会将儿童推向互联网上不受监管的部分,而专家们则批评该禁令过于粗暴,缺乏坚实的证据基础,并建议关注加强平台监管、教育儿童如何使用这些平台,而不是简单地切断他们的使用权。 Jonathan Haidt的观点强调了2010年至2015年间智能手机普及对儿童和青少年心理健康的影响,认为这与经济因素和气候变化无关。他指出,在智能手机普及之前,儿童和青少年每天在线时间有限,而智能手机的普及使得他们每天在线时间大幅增加,这导致了心理健康问题的上升。他认为,这种变化是导致青少年心理健康恶化的主要原因,而不是COVID-19疫情。 Pete Etchells表达了不同的观点,他认为缺乏足够的研究数据来支持全面禁止青少年使用手机和社交媒体,并建议采取更有效的方法来培养青少年健康使用数字技术的习惯。他指出,在一些国家,限制性措施反而适得其反,例如韩国的深夜上网禁令,反而导致青少年在白天更多地使用互联网。他认为,与其简单地禁止,不如关注如何支持青少年发展更健康的数字技术使用习惯,并让科技公司将用户的福祉和安全放在首位。 Sonia, Acer, Aline和Rufy Akubi分别代表了不同年龄段和观点的青少年,分享了他们对手机禁令的看法和感受,反映了青少年群体对这一问题的复杂态度。Sonia表达了对安全和信息获取的担忧,同时认可了手机禁令对线下社交的积极影响。Acer认为高中生应该被允许使用手机,因为他们能够独立管理自己的时间和预约,而初中生则应该远离手机的干扰。Aline强调了限制手机使用有助于避免沉迷和提高学习效率。Rufy Akubi则指出手机容易分散注意力,影响学习效率,并描述了在学校中因为手机使用而产生的负面现象。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why are some countries considering bans on smartphones and social media in schools?

Countries are considering bans to reduce classroom disruption, protect kids from online bullying, and improve mental health outcomes.

What is the proposed legislation in Australia regarding social media use by children?

Australia plans to introduce legislation banning children under 16 from social media, with tech companies facing fines for non-compliance.

How do students in France and the US feel about potential bans on smartphones in schools?

Some students are okay with it for socializing but feel unsafe without a way to contact others. Others see it as a way to reduce distractions and improve focus.

What evidence exists about the impact of smartphones on mental health?

Some studies show a correlation between increased smartphone use and worsening mental health, particularly among teens. However, other experts argue the evidence is not robust and more long-term studies are needed.

How do tech companies like Meta respond to calls for age restrictions on social media?

Meta raises concerns about age verification and data privacy, suggesting app stores should enforce age restrictions rather than the apps themselves.

What are some strategies individuals can use to reduce smartphone dependence?

Strategies include using do not disturb mode, turning off notifications, or even switching to a basic phone. Some suggest creating a 'phone box' to limit usage.

What is the average screen time for teenagers according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?

The CDC estimates screen time for 11 to 14-year-olds at nine hours per day.

What was the outcome of South Korea's law restricting internet access for young people?

The law led to only a slight increase in sleep time and shifted internet usage to earlier in the day.

Shownotes Transcript

Phones have become an essential part of most people’s everyday lives, and debates about them in schools - as well as teenagers’ access to social media - are internationally hot topics.

BBC journalist Hayley Clarke joins us in the studio to talk through different approaches to social media and phone bans in schools around the world. We also hear from students in France and the US about how they would feel about potential bans.

Hannah Ritchie, a BBC journalist, explains the situation in Australia, where the government says it will introduce "world-leading" legislation to ban children under 16 from social media.

Plus we hear from two professors on opposing sides of the debate, and ask what is the scientific evidence that shows phones and social media are bad for us?

Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld WhatsApp: +44 0330 12 33 22 6 Email: [email protected] Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producers: Julia Ross-Roy, Hayley Clarke and Emilia Jansson Video journalist: Adam Chowdhury Editor: Verity Wilde